Stop 1 - Kalampaka Town
Kalampaka, a town rich in history and culture, lies beneath the awe-inspiring Meteora rock formations. With a population of around 12,000, it serves as the administrative center of Meteora County, one of Greece’s largest in terms of area. This vibrant town is a hub for about 50 smaller villages and settlements in the county, reflecting the diverse cultural and agricultural life of its 27,000 citizens.Kalampaka offers a unique blend of historical, cultural, and natural attractions. The Byzantine Church of the Virgin Mary stands as a beacon of the town’s religious heritage, while the Prophet Elias Hill offers panoramic views that are a photographer’s dream. The town’s open-air market, bustling with activity every Friday morning, is a feast for the senses with its array of fresh, locally grown fruits and vegetables.For those with a thirst for knowledge and discovery, Kalampaka does not disappoint. The Natural History Museum provides insights into the region’s rich biodiversity and geological history. The Public Library, a treasure trove of knowledge, offers a quiet retreat for those looking to delve into the area’s past and present.Adventurous visitors will find the footpath from the old town to the Holy Trinity Monastery a rewarding experience. This path is not just a walk through nature but a journey back in time, amidst landscapes that tell stories of faith and resilience.Amidst Kalampaka’s historical tapestry, there emerges a modern-day tale – that of Vassilis Palaiokostas, dubbed the ‘Greek Robin Hood.’ He made headlines for his bold bank robberies and not just one, but two daring escapes from high-security prisons using helicopters! His most dramatic heist? It happened right here in 1992, at the National Bank in Kalampaka. This wasn’t just any robbery; it was the biggest cash grab in Greek history!
Stop 2 - The Essence of Hermetic Monasticism
Hermetic monasticism, a path of solitude and spiritual depth, has its roots in ancient traditions. The term ‘hermit’ is derived from the Greek erēmitēs, meaning “one who lives in the wilderness, seeking spiritual clarity away from society’s distractions.”These early hermits, often known as ascetics, pursued a life marked by simplicity and contemplation. They chose remote locales like deserts or caves to immerse themselves in prayer and spiritual discipline. Their existence was defined by minimal possessions and a steadfast focus on their inner spiritual journey.Their lifestyle, involving practices like fasting and celibacy, was not merely about personal growth. Many hermits believed their dedicated prayers and disciplined lives could contribute to positive change in the wider world. Thus, hermetic monasticism represents a profound commitment to spiritual growth and the belief in the power of solitude to transform both self and society.The roots of hermetic monasticism can be traced back to the Middle East in the late fourth century, where the first monks embarked on a profound journey of spiritual exploration. The initial monks sought solitude in the vast deserts, giving rise to the Greek term “erimitis”, denoting the man who lives in the desert.As the monastic tradition progressed, hermetic communities expanded and transformed. The communal type of monasticism emerged, emphasizing shared living, common worship, and collaborative spiritual endeavors. This communal lifestyle would later become synonymous with monastic practices across various cultures.Meteora’s monastic community, originating in the late 11th or early 12th century, initially embodied the hermetic type. The hermit monks sought refuge in the caves of Meteora but over time, this hermetic foundation evolved into a communal structure, as evidenced by the establishment of monasteries and shared worship spaces.
Stop 3 - Grigorios' Hermitage
As you journey along the northeast side of Pyxari rock, gaze to your left and behold a marvel of monastic history. Perched over 40 meters high rests the three-cave hermitage of Grigorios, a creation of the saintly brothers Grigorios and Theodosios. This hermitage, nestled beneath a sharp angle between rock and earth, has been shielded from the elements, preserving its ancient charm.The hermitage’s unique location has allowed its wooden features, from balconies to a partially preserved wind ladder, to stand resilient through time. Nearby, on the same rocky expanse, you’ll find Saint Grigorios, marked by a wooden fence at the cave entrance and hanging wind ladder, transporting you back some 600 years.Lifting your eyes upward, three cave dwellings, once home to reclusive ascetics, come into view. These caves, each with their distinctive wooden balconies, sit at varying heights – the first at 25...These caves, each with their distinctive wooden balconies, sit at varying heights – the first at 25 meters, the second at 35 meters, and the third, highest, at 40 meters.Within this sanctuary, the walls speak of history and artistry, adorned with well-preserved Macedonian-style paintings. Discovered in the early 70s, these frescoes celebrate the hermitage’s founders, Grigorios and Theodosios, their names etched beside their depictions. Beneath these ancient artworks rest the engraved tombs of these founding brothers, a serene culmination of their spiritual journey in this tranquil retreat.
Stop 4 - Saint Nicholas Bandovas
Nestled between Kalampaka and Kastraki, the mesmerizing gorge known as Kofinia conceals an ancient treasure – the hermitage of Saint Nicholas Bandovas and Saint Anthony. Established in the mid-14th century as Kofinas, this five-tiered monastery was later renamed the Monastery of Saint Nicholas Bandova.At an altitude of 370 meters, this peaceful stone enclave was once home to ascetic monks who led a solitary existence during the 14th century. Unique for its architecture, the monastery features wooden beams and floors and is connected by indoor ladders and trap doors. Unlike other Meteora monasteries perched atop pillars, this hermitage is tucked away in a 10-meter-deep natural rock cavity, offering an exceptional glimpse into the region’s monastic history.The monastery has weathered numerous challenges throughout its history. Despite falling into disuse in the mid-19th century, it was revitalized through renovations in 1876. Unfortunately, the hermitage sustained severe damage during the bombing by defecting Caucasian soldiers in 1943. Thankfully, in the early 1990s, the tireless efforts of Monk Chrysostomos led to the monastery’s restoration, preserving its historic architectural features.In 1893, Evgenia Badeka, a local widow, became the first recorded nun at the Badovas Monastery. Living there alone, she devoted her efforts to restoring the monastery.The monastery opens its doors to the public only once a year, during an annual service held on Saint Nicholaos’ holiday in early January.
Stop 5 - Kastraki Village
Kastraki, meaning ‘small castle,’ is a serene village nestled beneath the towering rocks of Meteora, resembling an eagle’s nest. Established in the 16th century, it now hosts around 1,500 residents engaged in agriculture and tourism. Despite rapid growth, Kastraki maintains its authentic charm, attracting visitors seeking a connection to the local Greek lifestyle and tranquility.This picturesque village, a Meteora gem, offers modern accommodation and dining of the highest standards. Amidst the rapid development, Kastraki preserves its old-world atmosphere, blending authenticity with extraordinary views of Meteora’s geological wonders. The houses, constructed with stone and adorned with red clay tile roofs, adhere to National Archaeological Committee regulations, respecting the village’s character and surrounding landscape.Recognized by the Greek State as a traditional resort under preservation, Kastraki has received this classification thrice.Kastraki’s people, known for their affinity for flowers, adorn even the humblest homes with floral displays. In challenging times, resourceful housewives fashioned flowerpots from tin cans, enhancing their houses and yards. Beyond its scenic charm, Kastraki holds a unique history, marked by a century of migration, with many locals seeking a better future in North America, Australia, and Central West Europe.When in Kastraki, be sure to explore the captivating old quarters of Mesohori and take leisurely walks to Meteora’s majestic rocks, ancient monasteries, and uncover hidden, fascinating ruins. Don’t miss the village’s central square, a must-see where the old elementary school stands today, beautifully restored as the Geology Museum of Meteora.Kastraki was also the place where local women became unsung heroes in Meteora’s history. When a fire threatened one of the monasteries, these brave women rushed to aid, ready to battle the flames. At the monastery gates, the monks faced a dilemma, as tradition had long prohibited female visitors from entering. In a decisive moment, the monks chose safety over tradition, allowing the women inside.Unofficially, these local heroines became the first women to set foot inside a monastery, a move that would resonate for years to come. Their actions not only quelled the fire but also ignited a change in monastic tradition.Just a few years later, in 1922, this evolving tradition welcomed its first official female visitor, Queen Anna Maria of Romania. This historical visit further symbolized the deepening ties between the monasteries and the broader community, showcasing a newfound openness and mutual respect.
Stop 6 - The Saint George Mandilas Cave
In the village of Kastraki, a vivid sight greets you on the right side: the Saint George Mandilas cave. This site, set against the backdrop of the Holy Spirit rock, is a vibrant testament to faith and miracles, adorned with colorful scarves.This tradition finds its roots in an extraordinary event during Ottoman times. A Muslim farmer, injured beneath this very cave, found hope through the intercession of Saint George. Urged by local Christians, his wife hung her silk scarf at the cave, praying for her husband’s recovery. Remarkably, he healed within weeks, a miracle that brought together the Muslim and Christian communities in shared belief and celebration.Every year, following the Easter holiday, on Saint George’s Day, this unity and faith are rekindled. Young climbers, bearing scarves from those seeking miracles, ascend to the cave. These new scarves, vibrant symbols of hope and prayers, replace the old ones in a ritual of renewal. During the replacement, a traditional dance honors Saint George, adding a festive spirit to this sacred tradition.The ceremony concludes with the climbers returning the old scarves to the people below, who treasured them as tokens of divine protection and blessings.This annual celebration at the Saint George Mandilas cave is more than a ritual; it’s a powerful narrative of enduring faith, community solidarity, and the strong belief in miracles. It stands as a poignant reminder of humanity’s capacity for compassion and unity, transcending religious and cultural divides.
Stop 7 - The Skete of Doupiani
In the late 11th or early 12th century, a small ascetic community was formed in the Meteora region, known as the Skete of Doupiani or the Skete of Stagoi. The hermit monks initially sought refuge in caves scattered across the Meteora rocks, living in isolation and engaging in prayer and contemplation. The central place of worship for this early monastic community was the church of the Theotokos (Virgin Mary), located a little lower than the Monastery of Agios Nikolaos Anapafsas. This church served as the “Sunday chapel” of the Skete, where monks gathered every Sunday to perform the official and established worship of God.The hermit monks emerged from their solitary “prayer places” and “cells” in the caves to attend the Sunday service at the chapel of Doupiani. They also gathered on Christian holidays, where they shared a communal meal, socialized, and engaged in spiritual dialogues. Local men often joined them bringing food and water and seeking wisdom from these holy men.As the day ended, each hermit monk prepared a small backpack with the supplies they needed for the week and retreated to their respective caves for solitary prayer and contemplation. This pattern of life continued until the late 14th century, eventually leading to the establishment of the impressive monasteries still present in Meteora today.
Stop 8 - Saint Nikolaos Anapafsas Monastery
Embark on a journey to the Saint Nikolaos Anapafsas Monastery, the first beacon of monastic life you’ll encounter in the awe-inspiring Meteora. Dating back to the late 14th century, this monastery, though modest in size, is a masterpiece of adaptation and spiritual depth.Built on three levels due to its limited surface area, each tier of the monastery unveils unique aspects of monastic life. From the rooftop, embrace breathtaking vistas of the monastery’s vineyards, a testament to the monks’ harmonious living with nature. This vantage point also reveals the skeletal remains of three other monasteries, silent sentinels of a bygone era of fervent monasticism.The jewel of this monastery is its main church, adorned with the most significant frescoes among all the Meteora monasteries. These masterpieces, signed by the renowned Theophanes the Cretan in 1527, represent a high point in the Cretan School of iconography. Completed with his son Symeon in just 14 months, these frescoes are a vibrant narrative of faith and artistry. They include the multi-dimensional portrayal of the Second Coming, the expressive dormition of Saint Nicholas, and the serene depiction of Adam naming the animals in Paradise, a scene encapsulating creation’s harmony.Theophanes’ frescoes transcend mere artistry; they are profound religious narratives. From the vivid colors of Christ’s miracles to the poignant scenes of the Crucifixion and Resurrection, his work immerses you in the spirit of Orthodox faith. The portrayal of saints and monastic founders adds layers to this visual pilgrimage, making the Monastery of Saint Nikolaos Anapafsas a place where history, art, and spiritual converge.
Stop 9 - Meteora's Majestic History
Meteora, a marvel of Greece, is where the earth reaches for the skies. Its name, ‘meteoros,’ fittingly means ‘suspended in the air.’ These majestic sandstone cliffs, sculpted by nature’s powerful forces, rise to 400 meters (1,300 feet), creating a scene straight from a fairy tale.But Meteora is not just a geological wonder; it’s a testament to human spirit and ingenuity. In search of peace and a connection with the divine, monks in the early centuries found their sanctuary atop these cliffs.The story of monastic life here began around the 9th century but truly flourished in the 14th. Monks, in search of a safe haven, turned these cliffs into their homes, building monasteries that seemed to defy gravity.Originally accessible only by ropes and ladders, the introduction of carved staircases in 1922 marked a significant leap in accessibility, underscoring human determination.
Stop 10 - Meteora's Majestic History
The golden age of Meteora was in the 16th century, with 23 monasteries dotting the landscape. Yet, as with all great stories, there were highs and lows. The area saw a decline, particularly during the turbulent 1940s with World War II and the Greek Civil War. Many monasteries were abandoned, with only a few elderly monks remaining. However, the construction of a road after the civil war sparked a revival, bringing new life through improved accessibility and tourism.A turning point came in 1922 when Greece declared Meteora an archaeological site, emphasizing its preservation. The addition of carved stone staircases not only made these sites safer but also more welcoming. In a significant change, women were allowed to visit, opening these historical treasures to a broader audience.Meteora’s recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1988 was a crowning moment, celebrating both its natural beauty and cultural significance.The monasteries, built between the 14th and 16th centuries, are more than architectural marvels; they are symbols of a communal monastic life, deeply intertwined with the spiritual and the natural world.Now, let’s explore some fascinating tidbits: for the ‘Game of Thrones’ fans, although the famous TV series didn’t film here, due to essential cultural and environmental considerations, the Vale of Arryn in the show was inspired by Meteora, blending the real-world splendor with Westeros through CGI magic and showcasing its awe-inspiring beauty to fans across the globe. Additionally, Meteora’s dramatic terrain has graced the screens of video games like Call of Duty and DIRT WRC Rally, providing a virtual exploration of its rugged beauty.Finally, the renowned rock band Linkin Park drew inspiration from Meteora, naming their album after this majestic location.
Stop 11 - Meteora's Monasteries
Perched atop soaring rock pillars, the Meteora monasteries are not just breathtaking; they’re a symbol of human resourcefulness and determination. These structures, seemingly from a fairy tale, were built through a combination of clever techniques and steadfast perseverance.Conquering the cliffs was the first challenge. Monks and locals used a smart trick: they applied vinegar to soften the rock surfaces slightly, enabling them to create handholds and footholds. Wooden beams were strategically inserted, forming platforms and scaffolds, which eased the daunting task of ascending these heights.Securing water was crucial for survival. The monks ingeniously carved cisterns into the rock, harnessing rainwater through natural channels, ensuring a reliable water source in these elevated abodes.Transporting building materials posed another significant challenge. The monks’ solution was a system involving a long rope with a hook and a net, attached to a winch. Walking in circles, they would turn the winch, hoisting stone and wood up the cliffs. This method, used for centuries, was only recently replaced by modern cable cars.The construction and expansion of the monasteries over time were feats of architectural and spiritual ambition. The addition of staircases in 1922 marked a new era, making these incredible sites accessible to a global audience, marveling at their history and beauty.
Stop 12 - The Holy Monastery of Roussanou
Roussanou Monastery is a fusion of art, spirituality, and nature, nestled in Meteora’s cliffs. Despite its smaller stature, it stands out as the most photogenic and photographed monastery, featured in global publications like National Geographic and Lonely Planet.Cross the wooden bridge leading to its entrance, where you’re greeted with a stunning aerial view of the well-kept gardens. Their immaculate beauty tell the story of the monastery’s transformation into a convent in 1988. Today, it is home to 16 sister nuns who maintain its charm and warmth.Dating back to the 16th century, brothers Ioasaf and Maximus revived Roussanou with support from religious figures, rescuing it from decay.In accommodating its new sisterhood, the monastery faced spatial challenges.The monastery’s Catholicon, constructed in 1545, is an architectural gem. Its cross-shaped design and elliptical dome are hallmarks of Byzantine influence. Inside, the walls are adorned with stunning frescoes, completed in 1560 and showcasing the exquisite Cretan School style. These artworks, from the depiction of Christ Pantocrator to the narratives around the altar, are not only visually striking but also rich in spiritual symbolism.Renowned chef Gordon Ramsay recently visited Roussanou Monastery in an episode of his show “Gordon, Gino, and Fred: Clash of the Titans.” In his serene haven, he enjoyed brunch with the nuns and explored their honey workshop, discovering the top-quality honey as a sweet testament to their dedication and skill.Roussanou Monastery is a place where the stories of faith are told through stone, paint, and the tranquil gardens, making it a must-visit destination in the heart of Meteora.
Stop 13 - Monastic life
In the 1500s, the monasteries at Meteora were at their peak. There was a bustling community of monks living high on giant rock pillars. They built many beautiful buildings, and artists created stunning artworks for the churches. People who visited these places felt a strong sense of awe and respect.Over time, things changed. Wars, disasters, sickness, and other troubles caused the number of monks to decrease. Many monasteries were left empty or became damaged.Today, six monasteries are still active in Meteora, four housing monks and two accommodating nuns. These places are very important for the area’s history and religion. Some of the old, unused monasteries underwent restoration, allowing people to visit and appreciate their historical value.In the past, the monks; lives were field with prayer, meditation, and quiet reflection.In the past, the monks’ lives were filled with prayer, meditation, and quiet reflection. The peacefulness of Meteora was perfect for this. Each monk had a special role to help the community. Some cooked, others built and repaired things, and while some others wrote beautifully, making religious books.These monks were not only devoted to prayer but also skilled in arts and crafts. They created exquisite gold garments and other religious items. They even worked with some of the foremost artists of the 16th century to enhance the beauty of their monasteries.Today, however, the lifestyle of the monks has changed. With fewer monks and modern technology, they live more comfortably. They often rely on local people and services for help. Their role has shifted more towards managing and taking care of the monasteries, rather than doing all the work themselves.
Stop 14 - Varlaam Monastery
In the 1300s, a hermit named Varlaam found his peaceful haven in the towering rocks of Meteora, laying the groundwork for Varlaam Monastery. Initially a simple retreat, it was transformed in the 1500s by two noble brothers, Nectarios and Theofanis. They built the grand Catholicon, a church dedicated to All Saints, turning the hermitage into a vibrant spiritual centre.The monks managed to construct their catholicon in just 22 days. For 20 years, they had secretly accumulated all the necessary building materials. When the time was right, the monks joined forces to complete the construction. This was a strategic move to circumvent the building restrictions imposed by the Ottoman rulers at the time, who were keen on limiting the expansion of monastic establishments.The monastery flourished, housing up to 35 monks at its peak.In the 16th century, it was renowned for hosting one of Europe’s three finest gold-embroidered costume workshops. Alongside Constantinople and Bucharest, this monastery became a center of exquisite craftsmanship, being not only a spiritual haven but also a hub of medieval fashion and artistry!Today, Varlaam Monastery stands proudly on its rocky foundation, home to 10 monks. Visitors climb 185 steps to reach the entrance. The main church, dedicated to All Saints, is just a few more steps to the right in the courtyard.To the left of the church entrance, you’ll find the corridor that will lead you in to a massive water barrel, capable of holding 12,000 liters, and the well-preserved wooden manual winch-lift.In a thrilling discovery from the 1970s, two German climbers scaling the “Pillar of Dreams” route on the Holy Spirit rock in Meteora stumbled upon a remarkable piece of history. At the summit, they were greeted by an iron cross, a silent testament to the monks’ presence since the 14th century. This iron cross, a symbol of monastic determination and faith, now welcomes visitors at the entrance to the Varlaam Monastery Museum.The museum, near the entrance and beneath the large balconies with their breathtaking views, houses a treasure trove of religious artifacts, old manuscripts, and works of art, offering a captivating insight into the monastery’s long history. One of the most remarkable artworks is the first gold-embroidered bishop’s costume worn by Christodoulos, a beloved leader of the Greek Orthodox Church. Christodoulos, who spent seven years as a young monk at this monastery, donated this exquisite garment as a tribute to his time there.The main church, with its walls adorned by Frago Catelano’s vibrant frescoes, takes visitors on a spiritual journey through the lives of saints and biblical tales.Entering the first room – the Narthex - constructed in 154, and painted in 1566, we start observing the realism of the aghiography. The torment of the first Christians being crucified, decapitated, being pulled on a stony road, being skin removed. Blue dark, green, red, are the pigments that dominate. The color was getting mixed up with egg yolk and vinegar as the aghiographies like ‘Frangos Katellanos’ and the brothers ‘Kontaris’ had to spread on an almost humis wall.Our sight is getting attracted by an aghiography above the entrance door. We see St. Sissois whipping above a skeleton in a coffin. The skeleton belongs to Alexander the Great. The meaning is the vanity of this world as death is the same for all people without exception.On the dome the Merciful Lord dominates. In glory with the unreachable level painted light blue and the society of the angels around him.The rare of all aghiographies is the one above the little door that connects the narthex and the main room of the church; the ‘Katholikon’ – the ‘Second Apparition’ or the Day of Judgment. We see Lord above the Preparation of the Throne, while on one side ‘Paradise ‘ gets depicted with Mother Mary as the Queen of Heaven sitting on a white fond and flowers around. The 3 fathers from the old testament 9Adam, Noa, Abraham) are holding the notions while a congregation of angels and people who will make it to enter Paradise, are following St. Peter, the one who is holding the key of the gates.On the other side, a river of blood is culminating, the monster of Apocalypses ‘’Leviathan’’ and with grey-brown color, all the lost sinful souls.In the center, the Angels will weigh the souls but even in the last minute always will be the time to regret and to gain entrance to heaven, as we see with the angel who is showing the way to Paradise to a lost soul who has as loaves of bread on his head his sins.Before we proceed to the ‘’Katholikon’’ we see an empty grave on the right-hand side of the ‘’Day of Judgment’’. Above it, the 2 constructor monks deliver the church to the Lord while in a metallic box their scelics are being kept.
Stop 15 - The Monastery of Varlaam – The main room of the Church
Entering in the “Katholikon” of the church which is the main room what strikes our attention are the pretty hagiography that dates in 1548. On the dome we see Lord again but we focus above the door and we see the Assumption or Dormition of Mother Mary. Detailed of the aghiography and tradition too is the bed of Mother Mary, who slept (died) and the archaengel is cutting off his hands, while Jesus is holding in his arms the soul of Mother Mary as baby.Above this aghiography the Crucifixion of Lord. The detail of this scene is that one of the thieves who denied the existence of Lord has his back on us, while under the cross of Lord the earth is cracking and the dead appear.Of the most sentimental representation is on the right part and dose to the narrow windows the moment that they remove the body of Lord under the cross and Mother Mary is kissing and touching his face, like sisters of Lazarus are crying.The resurrection on the same part shows to us that the first sinners ADAM and EVA got saved.Turning our gaze we see the Transfiguration of Lord while on that side, opposite of the Resurrection Lord looks like baby-adult. The lower part of the church represents the living world again, that’s why we see military saints with their weapons, hermit saints with the long beards and strict faces.The upper part of the church, close to the dome gets repeated with the angels and the 4 evangelists.Finally, the iconstand is very detailed. There is the scene of Last Supper on the apside above the little door, that separates Catholikon with the abaton, the room where the table of offerings is located.The icon stand was constructed in 1784-1803 and is decorated with carved figures of saints, like St. Georges and of course colored with gold and red.
Stop 16 - Leaving the Monastery of Varlaam
Leaving the church through the sidal little door, we see trees and a strange wooden longboard and a metallic circular of 4 stripes instrument.The are calling them “Talanton”, because as the abbot is striking one of them with the rhythm of the syllables of the word “talanton” can call the monks to get congregate. The talanton was referring to what Noa used to call the animals and place them into the arc to save them from the flood.Passing again in front of the entrance of the church we reach the external side of the church and we see a storage with a barrel dating in the 16th century and a capacity of 12.000 liters.Apparently, the monks constructors were using it for water before the construction of the water cisterns.Leaving from the barrel we pass to the net tower, a construction o 1537. They were using the net till the construction of the steps, for bringing up the materials or visitor monks.Before we leave totally from the Monastery of Varlaam we pass from the beautiful museum, which is downstairs to the right and the first use of the building was to be the “Trapeza”, the place where the monks had their common meals.In this great as exhibits beautiful, renovated building are exhibited import out amanuscripts items for the Holy Communion, detailed wooden carved crosses, icons, garments of bishops and a tapisserie that refers to “Good-Friday” and “Epitafios” made of the golden thread of 1609.“Epitafios” is when the body of the Lord lies down, after the crucifixion in the tomb.Let’s conclude our visit by saying that the monastery of Varlaam, among all the monasteries, was a big laboratory of rewriting and copying the gospel and decorating it. From the bastion of the net, the view is breathtaking while the Great Meteor is visible and the rocks around.Leaving behind us the 2 big monasteries and the little monastery of Rousano and St. Nicolas the restless we make our way to the Monastery of St Steven the New Martyr passing next to the monastery of the Holy Trinity.
Stop 17 - The Great Meteoro Monastery
A sidelong roof on the top of a wooden balcony was constructed in the 16th century about 1570. From this spot, the monks used to throw away the net to pull up the visitors, tools, and goods. Now they are using an electrical device for their restorations. The complex of the “Great Meteora” waits for us to visit as the next sightseeing attraction. As we start climbing up the hill and reaching halfway on a platform, there is a bench to relax and after a while, we see the new frescoes angiography of the transfiguration of the Lord, and many offerings of the believers. Once the platform was the cave where St. Athanasios, the founder, and constructor of the first little church was living there. It was in the 14th century when St. Athanasios with other monks went further up to the widest part of the rock and that is where he constructed a quite simple chapel in the form of a cross and a dome to be on the top. In the year 1382, six years later the Servian prince IOANNIS (John) URESSES who becomes IOASAF added the main aisle in 1388 and was painted in 1484.
Stop 18 - The Monastery of Great Meteoron – The entrance
By the time we reach the entrance and pass the ticket control, we must mind our steps as the narrow corridor is uneven and rocky. On our left-hand side, there are narrow steps that could lead us to an upper level at the balcony and the kitchen of the monastery since the 16th century and maintains the equipment that they were using since that time.While we are going past the pathway on our right-hand side, there is a cellar that operates as a museum displaying regular objects for everyday use.A bit further and still on their right-hand side, we can see the cistern that used to be a wing and the ossuary with the relics such as sculps and bones of the hermits’ monks. Sometimes the monks don’t open the door in order to keep the ossuary invisible to the tourists. The rooms that we are viewing as we enter the area are part of the tower which is constructed in the 16th century as the location spot of the net used by the monks at that time. Walking up the steps by our left-hand side, there is a long corridor operating like a museum as a landmark of the War of Independence in 1821. Climbing up the staircase on the left side, a pretty yard opens up with a new fresco on the wall that shows the connection of ancient philosophy with Christian orthodox beliefs. Ancient Greek philosophers like Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle are pictured next to important Saints, considered the base of the Orthodox Christian religion like St. Peter or St. Paul.
Stop 19 - The Monastery of Great Meteoron – Entering the church
Walking to the entrance of the church, we can see on the right-hand side a long piece of wood and next to it a mettoche of 4 circular bars like a bell object. We do call them “talanton”, knocking if with a particular way that makes a sound like a bell and imitates the wooden sticks that Noa used to call the animals and save them from flooding.On our left-hand side, one of the oldest frescoes – angiography where the white fond represents paradise while Mother Mary is sitting on a throne as the Queen of the place. The monument is partially destroyed, but not as a whole. Entering the first room of the little church, dedicated to the Transfiguration of the Lord, we observe that everything is painted with the frescoes. As the frescoes refer to saintsBehind the “Trapeza”, we see the sanatorium hospital of the monastery constructed in the same century with a respective architectural style that operates as a museum. It looks interesting to see that the fireplace is open in front of us and extends further up and allowing them to warm up themselves up.Turning back towards the church dedicated to the transfiguration of the Lord, we observe that between the narrow, circular windows on the eastern side, we find a marble small pillar with an inscription. The inscription is about the construction of the holiest chamber of the listed church- the sacristine- the room that has the altar and is dedicated to Mother Mary (1387-1388 A.D.). The sacristine was once the very first church constructed during the time of St Athanasios the first monk who went to live there and thanks to him started the monastic life on the Meteora. Walking to the entrance of the church we see on the right-hand side a long piece of wood and next to it a metal of 4 bars circular like a bell object.We call them “talanton”, knocking it in a particular way makes a sound like a bell. Imitates the wooden sticks that Noa used to call the animals and save them from the Flooding.On our left-hand side, one of the oldest frescoes- “aghiography” where the white fond represents paradise while Mother Mary is sitting on a throne as the Queen of the place. The scene is destroyed but not totally.Entering the first room of the little church dedicated to the “Transfiguration of the Lord”, we observe that everything is painted with the frescoes. As the frescoes refer to saints, from now on we call them Aghiography (as aghios means saint). This room was the room of preparation for the Christians. With their prayers could proceed to the main room of the church which we call it “Katholikon”. The room of preparation, we call it Narthex and during that time in the 16th century was decorated with aghiography that was referring to the torment of the first Christians. Observing the frescoes, we see that a red stripe orients them. The font is dark blue, and the faces of the martyrs are strict, the same for the saints who are wearing plain clothes. They grow long beards, they look skinny.The torment of the first Christians during the Roman time looks very alive. We observe decapitations, crucifixion, and excoriation, pulling them on a paved road.While our sight gets caught on a tomb-like rectangular construction located on the corner. Above the grave are standing as aghiography the two monks constructors saint Athanasios and Saint Joasaf holding the church and offering it to the Lord.A meaningful fresco is the Baptism in the narthex. We see Christ in Jordan river, the Holy Spirit above him, the rocks around and saint John the Baptist touching his head, while next to Christ four Angels are buwing. On the corners and next to the feet of the Lord we see a man sitting on the back of a dragon. That man represents Poseidon, meaning the ancient belief, while the figure on the other side represents a fortune-teller.
Stop 20 - The Monastery of Great Meteoron – The main part of the church
Before we enter the main part of the church, the “Katholikon” we see to the left and up the first ecumenical Synod of 325 at Nicea of Bithenia (the Synod cleared matters that had to do with the connection and meaning of Christ and God)Above our heads nine little domes. Surprised by the extension and details of the frescoes, we proceed to the main room, the “Catholicon”.In front of us the Icon stand-division between the main part and the sacristine. It is made of wood with detailed carvings of peacocks and grapes colored with pigment and wax. Next to the gate of the icon standing to the right is Christ wearing red first and blue clothes on the top and he is holding the bible. While to the left is the unique icon of Mother Mary as the Queen of roses. Mother Mary is wearing a crown and is holding in one hand like a scepter a bunch of flowers while on the other hand is holding young Christ as if he is a King. Christ is looking like a teenager – an adult and he is holding the universe as a sphere and on the other hand a sword-like cross. His garments are decorated with flowers as of Mother’s Mary, so both of are looking royal.Above their heads on clouds are two angels.The icon dates from 1790 dedicated by the abbot Parthenios according to the inscription.We keep in our mind that the icons of the icon stand are dating between the 16th and 19th centuries.The main room of the church, the “Katholikon” was decorated in 3 phases. Most of the aghiography dates from the 16th century, meaning in 1552. On the dome, dominates Jesus Christ as the “One”, next to the narrow windows under the dome, the apostles holding the scripts, while on the 4 triangles the four Evangelist with their emblems : like Mathew with his symbolism of a man, as the man was first, according to the prophet Ezekiel animal.Follows Evangelist Marcus with the symbolism of a lion, as his evangelism starts with the living of St. John the baptist who was living in the desert where lions are living too.Evangelist Loukas with his symbolism of an ox, as his evangelism starts with the worship of the old law where people were sacrificing oxen.Finally, the evangelist John with his symbol of an eagle is the supreme symbol of the eternal birth of the son of God and his speech. Therefore he took the adjective “Theologos” = Speech of God.The upper part of the main room, which refers to the life-like miracles and passion of the Lord, as crucifixion, but also transfiguration, lasts super, the palm Sunday the Assumption of Mother Mary (Dormition) covers the spiritual world. The world we need to reach.The walls of the “catholic” that is covered with the military saints and hermits – saints, refer to the living world, a world that died for the belief of the Lord.The aghiography of the Great Meteor is considered as a high art example of an aghiographer, Theofanis, who was following the kretian school.Before we leave the Monastery of the Great Meteor, definitely we visit also the old kitchen which is located across the church and on the way to the bastion.
Stop 21 - The Holy Trinity Monastery
Nestled 300 meters above Kalampaka, the Holy Trinity Monastery is a testament to monastic life’s perseverance and ingenuity. Known as the least accessible among Meteora’s monasteries, it stands on a steep, sharp pillar, offering a secluded haven in the sky.Your ascent begins with a carved staircase constructed in 1925, a safer alternative to the ancient ladders and nets once used to reach this lofty abode. Although a cable car now serves the monastery’s daily needs, it remains off-limits to visitors, preserving the site’s secluded charm.Within the gates, just past the ticket booth, lies an old chapel, a sacred nook carved into the rock. A short climb leads to a balcony where the old wooden winch lift stands, a relic from a time before the cable car’s introduction in the mid-70s.The monastery’s heart, the Catholicοn, dates back to the 15th century and was founded by Monk Dometios. It is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and houses ancient frescoes depicting significant historical events. The main church, inaugurated in 1475–1476, is adorned with remarkable ceramic decorations. Later, in 1741, painters Antonios and Nikolaos added interior frescoes. Unfortunately, in 1979 some valuable icons and the old wooden icon screen were stolen.Don’t miss the white cross in the yard, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the valley, the town, and the mountains. This vantage point, combining natural beauty with spiritual symbolism, provides a moment of tranquility and reflection.The Holy Trinity Monastery is not just a place of worship, but also a part of popular culture! It became a star when it was featured in the 1981 James Bond movie For Your Eyes Only. Roger Moore, as the iconic spy, brought thrilling action to these ancient walls, blending the serenity of this spiritual haven with the excitement of Hollywood.
Stop 22 - The Geology of Meteora
As we explore the mesmerizing landscape of Meteora, we’re greeted by an array of unique rock formations, varying in size and shape. There are over 100 of these pillars, each varying in shape and size. The tallest of these formations stands at an impressive 640 meters above sea level, with an elevation gain of around 450 meters from the riverbanks – that’s nearly double the height of the Eiffel Tower!These remarkable rocks are made of conglomeratic sandstone, formed around 60 milion years ago when Thessalian plains area was an ancient lake. A river flowed into this lake, creating a delta where sediments rich in calcium were deposited. This calcium acted as a natural glue, solidifying the sediment into the conglomeratic sandstone we see today.The role of the river in shaping Meteora’s rock formations was proposed by Dietrich Philippson, a German-Jewish geographer, according to his theory, the river first eroded the rock lavers butTectonic forces further shaped the landscape between 3 and 2 million years ago, giving rise to plains and mountains. Around 20.000 years ago, the landscape underwent additional shaping from weathering and erosion during the waning of the last Ice Age. The acidic rainwater exploited weaknesses in the rocks, and streams cut through them, sculpting the tall pillars and cliffs that make Meteora a geological wonder.The unique landscape of Meteora is the culmination of ancient lakes, rivers, calcium deposits, tectonic forces and erosion over millions of years. As we conclude our geological tour amidst the breathtaking conglomeratic sandstone formations, let’s appreciate the incredible forces of nature that shaped this extraordinary landscape.
Stop 23 - St Stephen’s Holy Monastery
On the lowest rocky pillar is located the monastery with the easiest access.The rock was first used at the end of the 12th century, but the first construction of the monastery dates in the 14th century. As we pass the bridge and the main entrance, after the ticket control big wide steps are leading us to a beautiful yard with trees and flowers with the cells of the nuns and a new church of the 18th century.It is the church of St. Charalabos, a bit different as material comparison to what we have seen up to now.St. Charalabos was a man of God who was living in the 2nd century A.D in Asia Minor. During the Roman time had suffered a lot and finally decapitated.
Stop 24 - The Monastery of St. Stephen – The ‘Narthex’
As we enter the narthex we see the aghiography that is so dear and detailed. The decoration of the church started in 1980 and keeps going. The ceiling starts with the creation of the world. The darkness, the light, the night, the day everything directed by the hand of God, the hand of creation.The decoration of creation goes on with the sea, the mountains, the animals, the planets.On the sidal wall we do see the important meeting – synods of the emperors with the father of the church, that took place ages ago to dear and solve religious matters. The torment of the martyes gives the position to the tortment of the Saint. The effort of the soldiers to remove his skin, to be sent to a common, sinful house till his final tortment that was the decapitation.The rare and meaningful iconography is the Day of judgement on the main wall, on the right part of the narthex. The preparation of the throne, under lord with the unreachable light that surround him in light–blue color.The heaven with Mother Mary on the left and the fathers of Nation from the old testament, the thief holding his cross as he gained the entrance to paradise with his faith. Saint Peter unlocking the Gate with the society of the believers and above the gate the 6 wing angels (the spiritual form of the angels).In the center of the hagiography, we see a river of blood and the dark angel, Satan, holding in his arms the disciple of lord who betrayed Him, that was Judas.Four emperors with their emblem animals are following, sitting on the rocky hills. These 4 emperors were the 4 empires that changed the world, like Nabucodonosor and Babylon (the flying lion ) Xerxes and Persia (the white bear), Alexander and Macedonia (the dragon with the 4 heads) and finally Rome with the dragon having horns but the third one is a child. This child refers to Antichrist.Opposite of this hagiography and next to the door that connects the narthex with the main room, the Katholikon, we see the scale of Jacob, the scale reaching the door of heaven. Even the angels will be judged in the second apparition.On our right hand side above the door, we are using as an exit, we see the torment of St. Steven the new Martyr. The Jewish council is tormenting him by throwing stones while down below to the right we see Saint Paul (the Apostol) holding the clothes of Saint Steven. At that time saint Paul was not yet Christian.Before we leave the narthex we observe the 2 icons and their wooden base. The icon shat showing lord has the caring from the old testament of Abraham taking Isaac to the mountain to sacrifice him. Angel of the Lord is stopping him though.The other icon of Mother Mary, holding in her hands baby Christ, was the carving of the annunciation. The archangel holding the flower is making the announcement to mother Mary that she will be among the women the ones who carry the Lord.
Stop 25 - The Monastery of St. Stephen – The main room of the church
Entering the main church, the Katholikon, the movity of the hagiography is that on the walls of the church there are male and female saints, hermits and all the hermit- monks constructors of the monasteries of “Meteora”.What follows is similar to the previous monasteries like the Dormition of the Mother Mary, the crucifixion, the great presentation Resurection and the transfiguration of the Lord on the opposite side.The 4 evangelist, the Apostoles, and of course Lord as the ONE on the dome. Very detailed is the icon-stand made in 1814. Observing it we find curved figures of saints on the 2 doors and peacocks that symbolize the speech of the Lord. The carved lions on the endings of feet of the chairs are symbolizing power, bravery, and wisdom.Above the gate of the icon stand, we can see a carved wooden capsid that shows to us the Lord with his disciples sitting around the table. We can see the representation of the last supper.Before we leave the church of Saint Charalabos, our sight is stopping on the icon of the Saint with all the personal, made of gold, items hanging.As we consider the saint miraculous, many believers are dedicating something personal, like crosses or jewels showing their respect. In front of the icon in a metallic box being kept the relics like the sculp of the saint, a donation to the monastery from 1798 by a ruler of a roumanian house.Finally, on the floor the star of David is presented, as the Lord was from the life of David, plus the eagle with 2 heads, the emblem of the Bizantine empire, representing the 2 capital cities: Rome and Constantinopole (Instabul). In 1961 the monastery became a nunnery and it was in 1972 that has been restored.
Stop 26 - The End
Going into the beautiful garden of the monastery we admire the view towards the city of Kalambaka, the big plain of Thessaly, the mountain Koziakas and the river of Thessaly looks like a snake.The monastery has an interesting collection of icons, crones, and garments of bishops, exhibited in the building that they were using as “Trapeza”, the place of gathering for the monks.Our visit comes to an end with a feeling of fulfillment. I am sure you will agree that pictures truly cannot do Meteora justice. The smells, sounds, and fresh breeze all contribute to the magical feeling you get at the crown of the rocks.Thank you for the companion, and we hope you enjoyed this journey “on the clouds”.If you‘re up for even more authentic travel experiences, visit our website at www.keytours.gr and choose among plenty of guided tours covering great sites of Greek history. Antio sas!
