Carss Cottage
Carss Cottage 72 Carwar Avenue Part of Lot 376, DP 1118749 Carss Cottage has looked out over Kogarah Bay for more than 160 years. Built soon after Scottish-born craftsman William Carss purchased the land in 1863, it was constructed by skilled Scottish stonemasons fresh from working on the sandstone buildings of Sydney University. The result was a solid mid-Victorian stone homestead, accompanied by two outbuildings for laundry and stables, and perfectly sited to take in the water views. Carss lived here until his death in 1878. The property stayed in the family until 1917, when the last surviving Carss child left it, along with the surrounding estate, to the Sydney Sailors’ Home. Kogarah Council later bought the land, reserving the waterfront as parkland and housing the park ranger in the cottage. By the late 1920s the building was in poor condition. Although the stone walls were as sound as the day they were built, the interior timber was riddled with rot and white ants. The Council engineer, unimpressed, valued it at just £150 — a fraction of the £600–£800 price for a new brick home — and recommended demolition. Thankfully, the Council instead chose to restore it.
House and garden, “McWilliam House”
House and garden, “McWilliam House” or "Sunnyside"188 Princes HighwayLots 5 and 6, DP 17522Nestled along the Princes Highway in Carlton, Sunnyside stands as a majestic reminder of the St George region’s early European settlement and architectural grandeur. This heritage-listed Victorian sandstone residence, built circa 1870, was commissioned by Matthew Carroll, an Irish immigrant and early settler in the area [1]. The sandstone used in its construction is believed to have been sourced from Blake’s Quarry, operated by William George Blake, a prominent landholder and quarryman whose legacy lives on in the suburb name Blakehurst [2] [3]. The house’s architectural features—slate roofing, bull-nosed verandahs, stone chimneys, French doors, and leadlight glass panels—reflect the craftsmanship and elegance of the Victorian era [4]. Following Matthew Carroll, the property passed to his son John B. Carroll, who served as one of Kogarah’s earliest mayors. In 1884, it was sold to Patrick Lacey, a land dealer who also became mayor in 1892 [1]. In 1906, the estate was acquired by the McWilliam family, known for their pioneering role in Australia’s wine industry. At the time, Frederick McWilliam, an accountant, transformed Sunnyside into a genteel family estate. A contemporary description paints a vivid picture: “Set back from the road on three acres, Sunnyside was encircled by a picket fence. A semicircular carriage drive led to the entrance. The grounds featured a tennis court, croquet lawn, plant nursery, and an equestrian field where the McWilliam daughters trained for show jumping, all maintained by two full-time gardeners” [1]. The McWilliam name is synonymous with innovation in Australian winemaking. Their original Sunnyside vineyard in Corowa, NSW, laid the foundation for a six-generation legacy that helped shape the wine industry [5]. In the 1930s, Sunnyside was converted into two flats, reflecting the changing housing needs of the era. Then in 1943, Miss Elkington purchased the property and established Sherwood School, a private kindergarten and primary school. This educational chapter lasted until 1959, after which the house became a rooming house, suffering from unsympathetic alterations that enclosed its verandahs and added incongruent wings [1]. Recognising its architectural and historical significance, the National Trust listed Sunnyside in 1986, citing its distinctive features as worthy of preservation [1]. A pivotal moment came in 1993, when a development application proposed partial demolition to make way for a McDonald’s restaurant. The local community rallied in opposition, successfully preserving the site. It was then purchased by Neil Brown, who undertook an 18-year restoration, returning Sunnyside to its former glory [1]. In 2014, the property sold for over $2 million, and in 2017, it was included in a lot of five homes, further cementing its status as a prized historical asset [4]. Today, Sunnyside remains a stately and enduring symbol of Carlton’s rich heritage—its sandstone walls echoing stories of civic leadership, family life, and community resilience. References: Georges River Libraries. Sunnyside – 186 Princes Highway, Carlton. Local History Collection. Domain. (2014). Carlton heritage home Sunnyside sells for over $2 million. Retrieved from domain.com.au Blakehurst Heritage Society. William George Blake and the Blakehurst Quarries. Community Archives. NSW Office of Environment and Heritage. Blakehurst Suburb Profile. Retrieved from environment.nsw.gov.au McWilliam’s Wines. Our History. Retrieved from mcwilliamswines.com.au
House and garden, “Lindhurst Gallery”
House and garden, “Lindhurst Gallery”6–8 Victor StreetLots A and B, DP 360051Set quietly along Victor Street, the pair of two-storey residences now known collectively as Lindhurst Gallery are among the oldest surviving homes in Kogarah. Built by 1886 for W.W. Walsh on lots 75, 76, and 77 of the Kogarah Township Estate, the homes were originally named Lyndhurst and Danehurst [1].Victorian Italianate – A Style of Asymmetry and Ornament The homes are described as Victorian Italianate, a style that flourished in Australia from the 1850s to the 1890s, inspired by Renaissance villas and the British fascination with the Italian landscape. Unlike the symmetrical Georgian style, Italianate buildings often embraced asymmetry, with projecting bays, towers, and varied rooflines [2]. Typical features of the style include: Bracketed eaves and low-pitched roofs Tall, narrow windows, often arched or pedimented Decorative masonry, such as quoining, balustrades, and urns Asymmetrical façades, often with bay windows or towers Lindhurst Gallery reflects many of these elements, including its tall arched windows, bracketed cornices, and ornate iron lacework on the balconies. However, the façade is more symmetrical than typical Italianate homes, suggesting a local adaptation of the style—possibly influenced by the paired layout of the two residences and the practicalities of suburban subdivision. There was a significant overap between Victorian Italianate and Victorian Filligree, with filligree ironwork often appearing in Italianate buildings such as this, and likewise, Italianate embellishments utilised in Filligree buildings. A Place of Learning and Community From 1887 to 1893, Lyndhurst operated as a Ladies’ School, known as Lyndhurst School, contributing to the early educational landscape of the area. Later, Danehurst briefly housed Mayneworth College between 1911 and 1914, further cementing the buildings’ role in local community life.Over time, the two homes were combined into a single residence spanning two land titles, now known as Lindhurst Gallery. Though altered—chimneys removed and roofs retiled—the buildings retain much of their original character and continue to serve as a visual anchor in the streetscape.Heritage Recognition The pair was listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study and is currently recognised as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, having previously been listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Their preservation ensures that the architectural and social history of Kogarah remains visible and celebrated.[1] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage p114-115.[2] https://www.athomeinnorthsydney.com.au/italianate.html
House and garden, “Ellesmere”
House and garden, “Ellesmere”23 Vista StreetLot 2, DP 211561Set on a generous estate overlooking Botany Bay, Ellesmere is one of the most historically significant residences in southern Sydney. Built in 1883 for William Rust, proprietor of the Sir Joseph Banks Hotel in Botany, the home is a rare surviving example of Victorian Gothic and Victorian Classical architecture in the Georges River area [1].Constructed by George Hughes, the two-storey residence is built from sandstone and rendered brickwork, with castellated additions that lend it a romantic, castle-like silhouette. The architectural style blends the verticality and drama of Victorian Gothic—characterised by steeply pitched roofs, turrets, and ornate detailing—with the symmetry and grandeur of Victorian Classical design [2] [3]. These styles were popular during Queen Victoria’s reign (1837–1901), reflecting a society eager to express status and cultural refinement through architecture.A Home of Political and Social Significance In 1891, Ellesmere was occupied by Joseph Hector Carruthers, who would later become Premier of New South Wales (1904–1907). Carruthers purchased the home in 1897 for £2,000, and it became a hub of political and social activity. It was here that the first game of bowls in the St George district was played, leading to the founding of the St George Bowling and Recreation Club in 1900 [1]. Carruthers sold the property in 1907, and over the following decades, Ellesmere passed through the hands of several notable owners.In the 1930s, it was occupied by the owners of the Grainger Glass factory, who painted the house silver-grey with red accents and installed the elegant coloured glass front door still admired today [4]. Later, Joseph Brell renamed the house ‘Cadia’, living there until his death in 1944. From 1944, the property was owned by the Wolstenholme family, with Frank R. Wolstenholme serving as Mayor of Kogarah (1950–1953).Architectural Features and Landscape The house’s narrow fronted façade, cast iron balcony, and originally slate roof (since replaced with iron) are typical of Victorian terrace adaptations. The featureless side walls suggest a design influenced by inner-city terrace housing, yet its scale and setting elevate it to mansion status. The estate’s mature palms and fig trees may date back to the original construction period, adding to its heritage value.Inside, Ellesmere boasts a sprung ballroom floor, high ornate ceilings, and period fittings that have been sympathetically restored. The home’s grandeur is matched by its waterfront access, landscaped gardens, and private path to the bay, making it one of the most prestigious properties in the region [5].Ellesmere was listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study and is currently a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, having previously been listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Its architectural integrity, historical associations, and rare survival make it a cornerstone of the area’s built heritage.References:1: Realestate.com.au – Ellesmere Heritage Listing2: Architecture Lab – Victorian Architecture3: TradCo – Australian Victorian Architectural Styles4: Kogarah Historical Society Newsletter, Sept–Oct 1989; photo in Darby, Garry, Kogarah Public School 150, p.235: The Real Estate Conversation – Ellesmere Bayside Estate
Victorian Italianate House and garden
House and garden52 English StreetLots 1 and 2, DP 445721No. 52 English Street, Kogarah, is a striking example of Victorian Italianate architecture, and is listed on the NSW State Heritage Register under the NSW Heritage Act. This two-storey mansion features a rendered brick ashlar-scribed façade, stone quoining, asymmetrical design and a slate roof, all hallmarks of the Italianate style that was popular among affluent homeowners in the late 19th century. The house was built by James English in 1882 or 1883, and its design influenced later homes in the area, including The Laurels, located diagonally opposite. However, the home’s early history is marked by personal tragedy. “But when his first two wives died in childbirth James lost heart and offered the house for rent.”[1] The first tenant was likely William Balcombe, who named the house and had previously lived in the Karuah district of northern NSW. Later, the house became the residence of John Sale, who served as Mayor of Kogarah from 1896–97, and from 1917 to 1948, it was home to Percy Tanner, Mayor from 1922–26. These long tenures reflect the home’s status as a residence of civic leaders and its role in the social history of the area. No. 52 English Street is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, ensuring its protection and recognition as a site of architectural and historical significance. References [1] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 98–99.
Front portion of Victorian terrace “Waikouaiti”
Front portion of Victorian terrace “Waikouaiti”95 The AvenueLot 93, DP 1595Tucked away on The Avenue, Waikouaiti is a rare survivor of Hurstville’s earliest residential development. Built around 1885–1886, it holds the distinction of being the first house constructed on The Avenue and is likely the oldest house still standing in Hurstville. Its enduring presence offers a tangible link to the suburb’s formative years.Originally owned by the Sydney and Provincial Land Building Company Ltd, which had acquired 40 acres of surrounding land in 1882, the house was occupied by Charles R. Creed, an accountant who was possibly acting as the company’s local agent.A Timeline of Ownership and OccupancyThe property’s history reflects the changing social fabric of Hurstville:In 1897, Catherine Hall, wife of railway station master Thomas Hall, purchased lots 91–93 from the company in liquidation.The house was leased to Mrs A.L. Cooper, followed by William W. Prescott, who lived there until 1907. His wife, Isabella Prescott, purchased the property in 1908.It was briefly renamed Ardo during its lease to Mrs Emily Cox (1908–1909), and later occupied by George Madden (1911–1912).In 1913, Alfred Leslie Blackshaw, a well-known local clerk, cricketer, and Hurstville alderman, acquired the property. He subdivided and sold lots 91 and 92 in 1917, retaining the house on lot 93.The house was leased to J.S. Walker, and later sold to his wife Marian Walker in 1927.Following the death of their daughter Ethel, the property was sold to the Council for the Promotion of Sydney Church of England Diocesan Schools in 1978, and has since been used as offices for Danebank School.Architectural Character Waikouaiti is a two-storey Victorian terrace-style residence, narrow in frontage and built of brick. Originally roofed in slate (replaced with iron by 1983), the house features: A cast iron-decorated balcony, typical of Victorian domestic architecture Featureless side walls, suggesting a design adapted from inner-city terrace housing A compact, vertical form suited to urban subdivision, yet rare in suburban Hurstville Its architectural style aligns with the Victorian Filigree tradition, which flourished in Australia from the 1870s to 1890s. A uniquely Australian architectural style, Victorian Filigree is characterised by ornate iron lacework on verandahs and balconies, asymmetrical façades, decorative brackets and parapets, and tall, narrow windows.(NSW Heritage Manual – Assessing Heritage Significance) Filigree was uniquely adapted to Australia’s climate, offering shade and ventilation, and is often seen in terrace houses and suburban villas.Heritage Recognition Waikouaiti is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012. Its preservation ensures that Hurstville’s earliest residential architecture remains visible and appreciated.
House and garden, “Kintail”
House and garden, “Kintail”51 Laycock RoadLot 2, DP 16253Perched at the apex of Laycock Road, Kintail commands attention as one of the most architecturally and historically significant residences in the Georges River area. Built circa 1887–1888 for Myles McRae, Member of Parliament for Morpeth, the house was advertised in early 1890 as a twelve-room mansion on 97 acres, complete with hot and cold water baths, gas lighting, a coachhouse, and stables—a rare level of luxury for the time [1]Architectural Grandeur Kintail is a textbook example of the Victorian Filigree style, which flourished in Australia from the 1870s to the 1890s. Elements of this style seen in Kintail are: A two-storey verandah with cast iron lacework, including columns, balustrades, brackets, and valances Asymmetrical façade, seen here with half-octagonal bays French windows, ornate mouldings, and a floral-patterned pediment above the central front door A hipped slate roof with inlaid patterns, moulded chimneys, and corbelled eavesThe ground floor verandah, paved in grey and white checkerboard tiles with rounded sandstone edging, adds to the home’s elegance. Inside, the house features very large rooms, high ceilings, cedar joinery, a grand cedar staircase, marble fireplaces, and a surviving lath and plaster ceiling. This has all been lovingly restored in recent years [2]A Landmark of Social History Beyond its architectural merit, Kintail has played several roles in the community.In the late 1930s, it operated as Matron Brown’s private nursing home for the aged, with photographs from 1937 showing Nurse Heather Jean Gillis with residents.During World War II, the house was requisitioned for military use, sustaining damage in the process.In 1946, it was converted into a men’s rooming house, falling into disrepair before undergoing extensive restoration.Its elevated position overlooking the bay and its commanding presence make Kintail a true landmark residence, representing the grand residential development that accompanied the expansion of the railway and suburban growth in the late 19th century.Heritage Recognition Kintail is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Its former stables, now located at No. 57 Laycock Road, are also heritage-listed, further underscoring the estate’s historical value.[1] Sydney Morning Herald 4 February 1890, p10.[2] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 144–145
Revival Life Centre, “West Maling”
Revival Life Centre, “West Maling”663–671 King Georges RoadLot 100, DP 854121West Maling, now known as the Revival Life Centre, is one of the most architecturally significant residences in the Georges River area. Built in 1889 for Albert Bythesea Weigall, the first headmaster of Sydney Grammar School, the house is listed on the NSW State Heritage Register and is protected by a Permanent Conservation Order. It is also listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Designed by C. H. Halstead, later an Alderman and Mayor of Kogarah Council, the house is a rare and early example of the Queen Anne style in Australia. According to the Heritage Council, West Maling is considered “one of the purest examples of the Queen Anne style of architecture existing today and is thought to be the first of its type of residence built in Australia.” [1]Architectural Significance In Australia, the architectural ideas of Richard Norman Shaw played a key role in shaping the Federation style, which flourished between 1890 and 1915. This style is divided into twelve distinct phases, with Federation Queen Anne being the most popular for houses built between 1890 and 1910. Federation Queen Anne homes often incorporated Tudor-inspired timberwork and elaborate fretwork, replacing the Victorian preference for wrought iron. [2] It is typically characterised by: Asymmetrical façades Steeply pitched roofs Prominent gables Tall, ornate chimneys Decorative timberwork and brick detailing Bay windows and verandahs West Maling showcases these features through its fine brickwork, elaborate chimneys, and timber craftsmanship, all set within a garden that retains elements of period-style planting. However, West Maling displays a strong Tudor influence that sets it apart from many other Queen Anne builds. Historical Timeline In January 1932, a fire caused by a builder’s blowlamp partially destroyed the building.[3] In 1953, it became the home of the Oblate Fathers, marking a new chapter in its institutional use. In 1972, the property was purchased by the Australian Evangelistic Association, which added a new chapel in 1980. Due to the interim conservation order, the chapel was carefully designed by Noel Bell Ridley Smith and Partners as a low-key structure cut into the hillside, with car parking on the roof.[3] West Maling’s layered history—from private residence to religious centre—adds to its cultural significance. Its architectural integrity and historical associations make it a landmark of both aesthetic and social value. References Branch Manager’s Report to the Heritage Council, 24 August 1983. Queen Anne Architecture, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Anne_style_architecture Propeller, 22 January 1932, p4. Hurstville Historical Society Newsletter, August 1984; Heritage Conservation News, Summer 1984. See Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 138–139. See E. M. Howard, A Victorian Mansion, in Kogarah Historical Society Newsletter, May 1976, pp. 6–8.
Victorian House and garden
House and garden115 Hillcrest AvenueLot 20, Section 4, DP 1650No. 115 Hillcrest Avenue, Hurstville Grove, is a charming single-storey residence that reflects the Victorian residential development of the late 19th century. Built in 1887 by W. Delanty on Lot 20 of Section 4 of the Hurstville Grove Estate, the home is notable for its decorative quoining— the use of contrasting stonework at the corners of the building, which adds visual strength and elegance to the façade.[1] The house is representative of the architectural style and suburban expansion that followed the subdivision of Hurstville Grove in the 1890s, as Sydney’s rail-connected suburbs began to flourish. Its modest scale and detailing reflect the aspirations of middle-class homeowners during this period. In the 1938 rates book, the property was listed under the ownership of Henry S. Billingham of Smiths Avenue, Hurstville. From 1947, the house became home to the Rollo family, who lived there for over fifty years, contributing to the continuity and character of the neighbourhood. No. 115 Hillcrest Avenue is listed on the NSW State Heritage Register under the NSW Heritage Act and is also a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, having previously been listed in the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012. References:[1] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, p. 134.
Former post office
Former post office90 Railway ParadeLot 1, DP 618131Standing proudly at the corner of Railway Parade and Belgrave Street, the former Kogarah Post Office is a striking example of Federation Arts and Crafts architecture, and a key contributor to the historic character of Kogarah’s commercial precinct. Built in 1892, shortly after the establishment of the railway and the municipality, the building reflects the rapid commercial development that transformed the area into a bustling urban centre.The tender for its construction was awarded to Robert Wilson on 25 August 1891, with a completion timeline of ten months [1]. A telephone exchange was added in 1896, followed by a separate facility in 1909, marking the building’s evolution as a hub of communication [2].The building’s design is romantic and richly detailed, showcasing the Federation Arts and Crafts style, which flourished in Australia from the 1890s to the early 1910s. This style emphasised craftsmanship, natural materials, and picturesque forms, often incorporating medieval and vernacular English influences [3] (NSW Heritage Manual).Key features of the former post office include: Brown brick walls accented with orange brick bands, arches, and bull’s-eye windows Sandstone sills and lintels that add texture and contrast A roof of orange Marseilles tiles, typical of Federation-era buildings Ironwork balconies with exaggerated acroteria motifs, adding a touch of theatrical flair A circular turret crowned with a windvane, serving as the architectural focal point Though the angled section of the façade was added around 1955, care was taken to match the original materials, preserving the building’s cohesive aesthetic.Design Attribution and Later Use While the exact architect remains uncertain, Tropman and Tropman suggest the building may have been designed circa 1901 [4] or earlier, possibly by Walter Liberty Vernon, the NSW Government Architect known for his work in the Federation style and for designing numerous public buildings during this period.Today, the building serves a new purpose as the Kogarah Community Aid and Information Centre (as of 2021), continuing its legacy as a place of service and connection.It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and historical significance.References: Government Gazette, 25 August 1891, p.6688 Government Gazette, 9 October 1896, p.7131 NSW Heritage Manual – Assessing Heritage Significance Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, 1994
Stone house “The Hermitage” (remnant) and setting
Lot 3, DP 793262 Heritage Item – Georges River LEP 2021, Schedule 5 Hurstville Historical Society Heritage Register No. 40 Nestled above the leafy expanse of Heinrich Reserve, The Hermitage stands as a rare and evocative remnant of Lugarno’s early residential architecture. Sometimes referred to as the Chislett House, this sandstone dwelling is one of the suburb’s original homes, offering a tangible link to the late 19th-century settlement of the area. Constructed in 1892 by George Edward Chislett, a Newtown bootmaker, the house was built from coursed rusticated sandstone quarried directly from one of two wells sunk on the property. Its original form featured a corrugated iron roof, decorative sandstone lintels, finials, and chimneys, reflecting the craftsmanship and stylistic preferences of the period. Although the house underwent significant alterations by 1983—including the enclosure of its verandahs—many of these architectural details remained intact at that time. Further modifications have occurred since. The property’s layered history includes the addition of a weatherboard house in 1909 for Mr Chislett junior, and its transformation into a thriving nursery business. Known successively as Craig’s Nursery and Martin’s Nursery, the site retained the name The Hermitage, proudly displayed on its gate. The Chisletts were also noted flower growers, supplying stock to city stores, a reflection of the area's early semi-rural character. The Hermitage is documented in several key heritage sources: A Photographic Guide to Architecturally and Historically Significant Buildings in the Municipality of Hurstville (1983), Item No. 97 LTO Primary Application 27879 Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012, Schedule 5 (previous listing) Its enduring presence and elevated setting overlooking Heinrich Reserve contribute to its aesthetic and historical value, making it a significant part of Lugarno’s architectural and cultural landscape.
Four pairs of semi-detached Victorian cottages and settings
Four pairs of semi-detached Victorian cottages and settings33–47 Dora StreetLots 5–8, DP 237059; Lot 34, DP 836363; Lot 1, DP 794227Lining Dora Street with their distinctive charm, the eight single-storey, semi-detached cottages at numbers 33–47 form one of Hurstville’s most unique and evocative historic streetscapes. Built in 1895 for Henry Hicks Junior [1], these cottages were originally intended as workmen’s homes, a testament to the area’s rapid suburban growth and the demand for affordable, well-built housing in late Victorian Sydney.Architectural Features and Streetscape Value These cottages are classic examples of the Victorian terrace-type semi, a style that flourished in Sydney’s suburbs during the late 19th century. Key features include: Slate roofs that lend a sense of solidity and period character Narrow street frontages, typical of urban worker housing Bullnose verandah roofs Iron street balustrades and decorative lacework, adding a touch of elegance to the otherwise modest façades The design of each pair is perfectly symmetrical: the arrangement of door, window, and chimney on one side of the shared wall is mirrored on the other, creating a rhythmic and harmonious streetscape. This symmetry, combined with the repetition of architectural details, gives the group a strong visual identity and a sense of cohesion.History and Restoration When first documented in 1983, the cottages were described as “much-neglected,” but they have since been restored, preserving their essential Victorian character [2]. The group was classified by the National Trust of Australia (NSW) in 1987, recognising its heritage value and contribution to the local streetscape.The original 1895 Hurstville Council rates book records the first occupants: S Terret W Smithson F Austen James Burgess L Hartley with several cottages initially vacant. Heritage Recognition These cottages are listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and were previously listed under the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012. Their preservation offers a rare glimpse into the everyday lives of Hurstville’s working-class residents at the turn of the 20th century.References: In 1893 the wife of Henry Hicks senior died at Hurstville. Henry Hicks junior (1849–1929) became an Alderman on Shellharbour Council. A Photographic Guide to Architecturally and Historically Significant Buildings in the Municipality of Hurstville, 1983, item no 40. See also: Land Titles Office DP 237059 Lots 5–8, Torrens Title, Vol 10934, Fol 156–163; Lot 34 DP 836363; Lot 1 DP 794227.
Weatherboard bungalow and setting, including front fence and garden
Weatherboard bungalow and setting, including front fence and garden11 Jersey AvenueLot 521, DP 565681It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021 and was previously listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012.
House and garden, “Braeside Castle”
House and garden, “Braeside Castle”4 Marie Dodd CrescentLot A, DP 29102Nestled in the leafy suburb of Blakehurst, Braeside Castle stands as a rare and evocative example of late Victorian residential architecture in southern Sydney. Built circa 1897, this two-storey stone mansion was originally known as ‘Tanasari’, a name believed to reference the Tanasari Diamond Mine in the Transvaal, which its first owner, Captain John William James, once managed [1].Captain James, a Canadian civil engineer, commissioned the home as a gentleman’s residence, and by 1902 it was advertised as having twelve spacious rooms set within seven acres of landscaped grounds [2]. The estate featured a grand carriage drive, herbaceous plantings, and commanding views—hallmarks of Victorian-era prestige and domestic grandeur.Following Captain James’s death in 1903 [3], the property changed hands and was renamed Braeside in 1935 by D.E. Dodd, a cinema organ manufacturer, and his wife Marie Dodd, a well-known charity worker [4]. The Dodds purchased the estate as a deceased property for £2,500, acquiring over six acres of land.Architectural Significance Braeside Castle was originally built in the Victorian Italianate style, popular in Australia from the 1870s to early 1900s. This style conveyed wealth and sophistication, and were often adapted to suit the Australian climate and materials [5].War and Transformation During World War II, Braeside Castle was commandeered by the Australian Army in 1942, giving the Dodd family just one week to vacate. The house was repurposed as the Headquarters for the 103 Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment and the NSW Line of Communication Area HQ, with its address listed at the time as Townson Street [6]. According to local accounts, the military occupation left the house “totally vandalised,” rendering it uninhabitable.Post-War Redesign and Modernist Influence After the war, the building underwent a significant redesign by Bruce Furse, an architect known for his European Modernist aesthetic. [7] Furse, in partnership with Guy Crick, was renowned for designing theatres and public buildings that embraced clean lines, functional forms, and minimal ornamentation—an approach that contrasted sharply with the home’s original Victorian character [8].Heritage Recognition and Later Developments Braeside Castle is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. The Kogarah Heritage Study (1994) noted its local significance, particularly its connection to the Georgetown subdivision established before 1885, and its wartime role ([Kogarah Heritage Study, Tropman & Tropman, 1994]).Despite its heritage status, the property has faced development pressures. A 2001 proposal to convert the building into seven townhouses was rejected by Kogarah Council [9]. Nevertheless, units within the Braeside Castle complex were advertised for sale as recently as June 2023 [10].References: Name origin: Tanasari Diamond Mine, Transvaal Sydney Morning Herald, 23 October 1902, p.3 Evening News, 24 August 1903, p.4 Sydney Morning Herald, 19 January 1935, p.12 https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/publications/assessing-heritage-significance Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 25–27 https://dictionaryofsydney.org/person/furse_bruce https://architectureau.com/articles/the-majestic/ St George Leader, 5 April 2001, p.8 St George Leader, 21 June 2023, pp. 24–25
Carpenter Gothic House and garden
House and Garden 3–5 Chapel Street Lot 19, DP 84876 No. 3 Chapel Street, Kogarah, is a single-storey residence built circa 1900, and is a rare local example of Federation Carpenter Gothic architecture. Listed on the NSW State Heritage Register under the NSW Heritage Act, the building is now home to the Aged Care Department of St George Community Hospital [as of 2020]. Federation Carpenter Gothic is a distinctive style that adapted the romanticism of Gothic Revival to the materials and craftsmanship available in Australia. Typically constructed in timber, these buildings feature steeply pitched roofs, pointed arch motifs, decorative timber detailing, and coloured glass windows, all of which are present at No. 3 Chapel Street. The slate roof, timber cladding, and stained glass panels contribute to its visual richness and historical character. The house was built on Lot 19 of Section D of the Bowen Park Estate, and in the 1938 rates book, the owner was listed as Daniel Purdy Horwood of Burwood—one of Sydney’s oldest blacksmiths at the time of his death in 1946, aged 95. (Vol 549 Fol 695 DP236L) As 3–5 Chapel Street, the property is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and historical significance. References See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 13. 1938 Rates Book, Vol 549 Fol 695 DP236L.
Brick house “Longleat”, excluding infill development to the rear
Brick house “Longleat”, excluding infill development to the rear7 Mutual RoadSP 69358Set quietly on Mutual Road, the brick home known as ‘Longleat’ is a rare and remarkably intact example of early Federation architecture in suburban Sydney. Built in 1907 on the newly subdivided Portion 114 (DP4374), it was the very first house on the street. Commissioned by Alfred and Rhoda Stone, whose daughter Amy would go on to live in the home for over eight decades, until 1990.[1]From the street, ‘Longleat’ presents a warm and welcoming façade: a double-brick Federation home with art nouveau timber detailing, a galvanised iron roof, and tall, moulded chimneys capped with terracotta pots. The brickwork is a showcase of craftsmanship, featuring king closers, squints, bull-nosed bricks, and a patchwork of replacements - all sourced from the local Judd’s Brickworks, adding a distinctly regional character. A timber lattice arch with a decorative ‘keystone’ marks the entrance to the side path, while the rear of the house reveals more intricate latticework, turned timber posts, and stained glass. Outside stands a charming outdoor toilet shielded by privacy screens. The original timber picket fence still stands at the front boundary, complete with a matching gate and a dovetailed wooden tray, offering a tactile link to the past. Inside, ‘Longleat’ is a treasure trove of early 20th-century domestic life. Every room retains its original or early features: floor coverings, architraves, picture rails, ceiling plasterwork, fireplaces, doors, windows, and even gas-light fittings. The entrance hallway is particularly striking, with ornate plaster cornices and a rare encaustic tile-patterned lino floor. Doors are framed in dark-stained timber with Georgian Revival-style finger plates and frosted transom lights, while the sitting-room door glows with twelve coloured glass panels in green, white, yellow, and red. Statement of Significance: “’Longleat’ is an intact, representative example of a typical Federation dwelling and grounds of a very high local significance, with original furniture, fittings, decorations and gardens, demonstrating the lifestyle of a suburban Sydney family in the early years of this century. Longleat is particularly remarkable for the level of original integrity. It demonstrates a range of customs and functions no longer generally practised. It has fine examples of interior plaster decoration, floor coverings, original furniture and gas-lights. Longleat has significant research potential… Its interior furnishings, pictures, ornaments, tools and housekeeping records provide a valuable insight into this period of Australia’s early nationhood. This property provides a rare opportunity for education through on-site interpretation to experience and understand the way of life in suburban Sydney in the early years following Federation.” In 1999, ‘Longleat’ was saved from demolition and added to Hurstville Council’s heritage list.[2] That year it sold for $540,000. It was later formally recognised in the 2012 Hurstville Local Environmental Plan as a property of local significance. [1] G Quint, Longleat, February 1995 listing.[2] St George Leader 29 June 1999, p6, 7 and 10.
Hurstville Fire Station
Fire Station27 MacMahon StreetSP 58395The story of fire protection in Hurstville begins in 1897[1], when the town’s first fire station was built on the corner of MacMahon and Dora Streets. It was a bold civic undertaking, with a volunteer brigade of fourteen men, one manual engine, a single horse, and 700 feet of hose. The first Captain was Thomas Wallace and the engine-keeper was J Griffin. Members of the Brigade in August 1897 were: Alderman F G Thompson, J Burnett, J Garthon, W G Drew, J Angus, J M Smith, W Paul, C King, H Blasbalk, T Wallace, J H Donahoe, Fred Brown, T Kirk, J Griffin and R Farr (secretary).[3] The memorial stone was laid by J.H. Carruthers on 20 November 1897 [2], and the station officially opened on 27 January 1898 before a crowd of over 600 people. The day was marked by a spirited tug-of-war between brigades from Rockdale, Kogarah, and Hurstville, which Hurstville won [4], and a comical greasy pig chase that went awry when the pig ate all the grease while locked inside the station.[5]The original station, a two-storey brick building with a 30-foot lookout tower, was designed by W.J. Thompson and built by John Curry and George Lee for £293. Captain Thomas Wallace led the brigade, with J. Griffin as engine-keeper. The Brigade’s ‘baptism of fire’ occurred on 21 September 1898 when it was called out to a fire at a weatherboard cottage in Ethel Street, Carlton It arrived simultaneously with the Kogarah Brigade and ten minutes before the Rockdale Brigade, but despite the efforts of the combined hoses, the cottage was completely destroyed.[6] Despite their enthusiasm, the brigade often arrived too late to save weatherboard homes, but played a vital role in protecting neighbouring properties.
Shops and offices
Shops and offices92 Railway ParadeLot 1, DP 913023Prominently situated on the corner of Railway Parade and Belgrave Street, No. 92 Railway Parade is a striking example of early 20th-century commercial architecture in Kogarah. Constructed in 1912 as a pharmacy for Mr V. Olson, chemist [1], the building is a two-storey shop and residence designed in the Federation Anglo-Dutch style, a rare and distinctive architectural expression within the Federation period. The Federation Anglo-Dutch style is one of the 12 sub-types of Federation architecture and is characterised by its asymmetrical façades, Dutch gables, and elaborate brickwork, often incorporating tuck-pointed red bricks, terracotta roof tiles, and decorative pediments [2]. These features are evident in the building’s façade, which bears the name ‘Belgrave Court’ on its pediment—a nod to its prominent corner location and perhaps an aspirational reference to London’s Belgravia. The building was designed by William Kenwood, a local architect whose work contributed significantly to the commercial streetscapes of southern Sydney. Kenwood also designed the Astridge Bros and Carroll & Co’s shops in Rockdale, showcasing his versatility in adapting Federation styles to retail environments [1]. Despite the challenging geometry of the corner site, Kenwood was praised for his ingenuity: he “had an awkward corner to work upon but has made the most of it” [1]. Construction was undertaken by Parkinson Bros of Hurstville, a reputable local building firm known for their work on civic and religious buildings, including the Bexley Methodist Church in 1926 [3]. The building included a substantial cellar of 18,000 cubic feet, an unusual feature for a suburban pharmacy, suggesting both commercial ambition and architectural foresight [1]. Ownership of the pharmacy changed hands in 1925, when Mr Olson sold the business to Harold Taylor, another pharmacist. By 1940, the premises were occupied by the St George Pharmacy, operated by Messrs Berry and Bell, with Stephen F. Brogan’s optometry practice located adjacent [1]. Today, 92 Railway Parade remains a heritage-listed item, recognised in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Its enduring presence and architectural integrity make it a valuable contributor to the historical and aesthetic character of the Kogarah town centre. References 1: St George Call, 14 December 1912, p.1, “Olson’s New Pharmacy.” 2: Rethinking The Future, “An Overview of Federation Architecture,” accessed September 2025. 3: St George Historical Society, “75th Anniversary of Bexley’s 1926 Uniting (Methodist) Church,” accessed September 2025. 4: The Sun, 5 July 1913.
House and front garden, “Bayview”
House and Front Garden, “Bayview”28A Carlton CrescentLot 21, Section 15, DP 1963Overlooking the water at Carlton Crescent, “Bayview” is a single-storey Federation Californian bungalow built around 1920. This style blended Australian Federation design with influences from the Californian bungalow movement, which had become popular in the years after World War I. Hallmarks include low-pitched tiled roofs, wide verandahs for shade and outdoor living, gabled ends often treated with decorative stucco, and the use of local materials such as face brick. “Bayview” incorporates all of these features, giving it a warm, welcoming presence on its generous waterfront site.The property was purchased by the Rowe family in 1920, with Frederick Ernest Rowe, a builder, as the owner. [1]By the late 1940s the house was making an impression for more than just its architecture. When it was offered for sale in November 1949, it was promoted as suitable for conversion into a private hospital. The St George Call described a 24-by-25-foot ballroom, large verandahs on two fronts, a self-contained cottage, and palm trees gracing the garden. [2] It was purchased by taxi-cab proprietor Mervyn Vollmer.In 1953–54, the property was advertised under the name “Bay Vista” as an ideal venue for wedding receptions, complete with ballroom, bride’s room, and space for an orchestra. [3] For nearly three decades it remained a celebrated reception venue, hosting countless weddings until 1982.Today, “Bayview” retains much of its early character and setting. It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was also recognised in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. The 1938 Rates Book records Mrs Elizabeth Rowe as the owner of Lot 21, Section 15, Carlton Park Estate, DP 1963.[1] St George Call 7 May 1936, p5.[2] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage p43.[3] St George Call 16 September 1954, p1.
Federation Bungalow and garden
House and Garden 15 Ocean Street Lot 33, Section A, DP 976627 No. 15 Ocean Street, Sans Souci, is a well-preserved example of a Federation bungalow, dating from around 1900. Listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study, the house is a remnant of the Bowen Park Estate, which was subdivided from 1885 onwards as part of the early suburban expansion along the Georges River. Federation bungalows were a defining feature of Australian domestic architecture in the early 20th century. Typically single-storey with wide verandahs, hipped or gabled roofs, and decorative timberwork, they reflected a growing national identity and a desire for comfortable, climate-appropriate homes. No. 15 Ocean Street retains many of these features and is further distinguished by its original brick pier front fence, constructed with liver brick and sandstone cappings, and decorative iron infill, a rare surviving element that enhances its heritage value. In the 1938 rates book, the property was listed under the ownership of Beatrice Wiley of Chatswood. At that time, the house was known as “Dulmaur”, and was recorded as being on Section 1, Lot 32 of the Bowen Park Estate (Vol 3641 Fol 78 DP 2362). The property is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and historical significance within the local area. References See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 13. 1938 Rates Book, Vol 3641 Fol 78 DP 2362.
Late Federation house “Woodville” and setting
Late Federation House “Woodville” and Setting 79 Edgbaston Road Lot B, DP 377604 No. 79 Edgbaston Road, Blakehurst, is a locally significant residence known as “Woodville”, occupying Lot B, DP 377604. It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its contribution to the architectural and historical character of the area. Built during the late Federation period, the house reflects the stylistic transition from Victorian formality to the more relaxed and decorative Federation style, which flourished in Australia between 1890 and 1915. Federation architecture was deeply influenced by British movements such as the Queen Anne revival, but adapted to suit Australian materials, climate, and identity. There are considered to be twelve sub-styles within Federation Architecture. These include Queen Anne, Bungalow, Arts and Crafts, Free Classical, Anglo-Dutch, Gothic, and more. [1] Typical features of Federation homes include: Red brick walls with contrasting trims Terracotta-tiled roofs with decorative gables Verandahs with timber fretwork Leadlight windows, circular motifs, and bay windows Symbolic elements such as the rising sun, Australian flora and fauna, and Art Nouveau detailing “Woodville” likely incorporates several of these elements, contributing to its visual appeal and heritage value. Its garden setting enhances the picturesque quality typical of Federation homes, which were often designed to harmonise with their natural surroundings. References 1. Federation architecture, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_architecture
Residential flat building, “Roma”
Residential flat building, “Roma”70 Ramsgate RoadSP 55373Standing proudly along Ramsgate Road, Roma Flats at No. 70 is a fine and locally significant example of Inter-War Art Deco residential architecture, reflecting the stylistic optimism and urban growth of the 1920s and 1930s. Constructed as part of the Targo Estate development, the building contributes to the historical narrative of Ramsgate’s transformation into a vibrant suburban centre during the inter-war period [1]. Art Deco architecture in Australia during this era was marked by geometric ornamentation, stepped parapets, curved balconies, and streamlined forms that echoed the glamour and progress of the machine age [2]. Roma Flats embodies these features with its symmetrical façade, decorative brickwork, and stylised vertical elements that draw the eye upward, creating a sense of grandeur and modernity. Though some original features have been altered—such as infilled balconies and replaced leadlight windows—the building retains its architectural integrity and continues to make a strong streetscape contribution [1]. The flats were developed by the Pittorino Brothers, notable local builders who played a key role in shaping the Ramsgate shopping precinct and surrounding residential blocks [1]. Their work at Roma Flats and nearby shops at 211–219 Rocky Point Road forms a cohesive architectural ensemble that is rare within the Kogarah LGA. A poignant historical note: Alfred Erickson, a resident of Flat 1, passed away at Roma Flats in 1940, marking the building’s early role as a home for local families [3]. Roma Flats is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its aesthetic, historic, and social value to the community [1]. References 1: Planning Proposal Heritage Impact Statement, Edwards Heritage Consultants, 2024. 2: Canberra House, “Inter-war Art Deco Architecture,” accessed September 2025. 3: Sydney Morning Herald, 17 May 1940.
239-241 Forest Road
Built between 1921 and 1922 by local builder Frederick Rossiter, these six shops are a rare surviving example of Edwardian commercial architecture in the area. Their elegant brickwork, ornate parapets, and original detailing above the awnings still evoke the optimism and craftsmanship of the post–World War I era.Each shop tells its own story. Number 241 was constructed in 1920 for Rossiter’s uncle, Caleb Goode, who ran a bustling butcher shop here, a legacy still visible in the inscription “C Goode 1921” proudly etched on the parapet above. Next door, at number 239, a tea room and cake shop opened in 1922 for Mrs. Irene Walden, another member of the Rossiter family, offering sweet treats and a welcoming space for the local community.Together, these shops not only retain their Edwardian character but also serve as a living reminder of Hurstville’s early commercial heart, where family enterprise and architectural style went hand in hand 1 2.References: 1: NSW State Heritage Inventory, “239–241 Forest Road, Hurstville.”2: Hurstville Heritage Study, Hurstville City Council.
House, “Palmyra”
House, “Palmyra”17 Vista StreetLot 1, DP 216929Set on a prized waterfront block at 17 Vista Street, Sans Souci, the house known as Palmyra is a striking two-storey residence that reflects the elegance and character of early 20th-century domestic architecture. Listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study, Palmyra is recognised as a fine example of its type and a later overlay of development on the historic Ellesmere Estate subdivision. According to historian Beverley Earnshaw, Palmyra was built in 1924 for Lydia Fraser, a member of the Gormison family. [1] Lydia’s brother-in-law, Harold Fraser, was a pioneering aviator and a close friend of cricket legend Don Bradman. Harold Fraser also founded the St George Veterans’ Cricket Club, and his legacy is commemorated in the naming of Harold Fraser Oval. In 1938, the house was sold to Charles Owen, a local cinema proprietor who owned the Ramsgate Cinema and the Carlton Deluxe (later known as the Odeon). Owen famously used the upstairs ballroom at Palmyra as a private screening room, blending his professional life with the comforts of home. Palmyra also played a role in community life. A garden party held in 1927 raised funds for the Primrose House Auxiliary, showcasing the property’s social significance and its owners’ civic engagement. [2] Today, Palmyra is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, [3] [4] continuing its protection under local planning instruments. Its architectural and historical value ensures that it remains a cherished part of Sans Souci’s cultural landscape. References Earnshaw, Beverley. Houses and Heritage, pp. 38–39. St George Call, 19 March 1927, p. 2. Georges River Council. Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021 – Schedule 5 Heritage Items. Kogarah Council. Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012 – Schedule 5 Heritage Items.
Meridian Hotel
Meridian Hotel220 Forest RoadLot 10, DP 852346The Meridian Hotel, formerly known as the White Horse Hotel, stands as a prominent heritage-listed building at 220 Forest Road, Hurstville. Its history traces back to the roaring 1920s, a period of architectural ambition and social transformation in Australia. In June 1925, brewing giant Tooth and Co purchased the site for £5,000 from the estate of Mr Humphrey. The parcel boasted a 98-foot frontage to Forest Road, directly opposite the overhead railway bridge and adjacent to the Propeller newspaper office [1]. Tooth’s vision was to construct a modern hotel that would replace the aging Blue Post Hotel, whose license was officially transferred to the new premises in April 1926. By 15 July 1926, the name was changed to the White Horse Inn, and the hotel officially opened on 4 July 1927 under licensee Samuel Wallington, who famously shouted 600 gallons of beer to patrons on opening day [2]. The hotel was designed by the Sydney architectural firm Prevost, Synnot and Ruwald, known for their work on numerous Tooth & Co hotels across New South Wales. Architect Cyril Ruwald, in particular, was instrumental in adapting European modernist influences to Australian hotel design, incorporating streamlined horizontal forms, reinforced concrete structures, and functional zoning that separated public bars, dining areas, and accommodation wings [4]. Built by Parkinson Bros of Hurstville, the hotel was a substantial three-storey structure of red brick, featuring reinforced concrete floors on the ground and first levels. The public bar stretched 126 feet, complemented by a saloon bar, dining room, and bottle department. The upper floors housed 25 bedrooms and four sitting rooms, catering to both short-term guests and long-term residents [2]. Tooth and Co: Brewing, Architecture, and Influence Founded in 1835, Tooth and Co became one of Australia’s most influential brewing and hospitality companies. By the 1920s, they owned or leased hundreds of hotels across New South Wales, commissioning custom architectural designs that reflected both commercial needs and stylistic trends [5]. Their hotels were often built to be community hubs, combining accommodation, dining, and entertainment under one roof. The company’s archives, now held by the Noel Butlin Archives Centre and the Powerhouse Museum, include architectural plans, photographs, and advertising materials that document the evolution of hotel design and pub culture [5]. Changing Social Norms and Hotel Design Hotel architecture in Australia underwent significant changes in the mid-20th century, particularly in response to gender inclusion. Until the 1970s, women were largely excluded from public bars, relegated instead to ladies’ lounges, genteel spaces often accessed via separate entrances and outfitted with soft furnishings, powder rooms, and indirect service hatches [6]. These lounges were designed to encourage “civilised” drinking, but they also reflected and reinforced gender segregation. As feminist activism gained momentum, most famously with the 1965 protest at Brisbane’s Regatta Hotel, laws began to change, and women were finally allowed to drink in public bars. This shift prompted widespread remodelling of hotels, with many older establishments removing partitions, updating interiors, and rethinking layouts to accommodate mixed-gender patronage [6]. In some cases, former store rooms were turned into women’s bathrooms. Later History Over the decades, the hotel evolved with the times. It was later known as Stallions, and in 1982, the Bowden family undertook renovations before selling it in 1987 to Nick and Theo Ferros, who rebranded it first as the Roundabout Hotel, and eventually as the Meridian Hotel [3]. Today, the building is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012 as 220–230 Forest Road. It remains a landmark of Hurstville’s commercial and social history, reflecting the architectural grandeur and community spirit of the interwar period. References 1: Propeller, 28 August 1925, p.3. 2: Propeller, 8 July 1927, p.1. 3: St George and Sutherland Shire Leader, 26 November 1998, p.41. 4: Cyril Ruwald Collection, Powerhouse Museum 5: Tooth and Company Collections, Australian Memory of the World Register 6: State Library Victoria, “Ladies in the Lounge”
Federation Queen Anne House and garden
House and Garden 67 Woniora Road SP 55657 No. 67 Woniora Road, South Hurstville, is a single-storey residence of Federation Queen Anne style, built circa 1926 for Dr Alfred Charles Thomas.[1] Queen-Anne Revival was an architectural style popularised by Norman Shaw (1831-1912) and can be seen across the UK, America and Australia. In Australia, the style was popular from the 1890s to the early 1910s, and is one of the twelve phases of Federation architecture. [2]Known for its asymmetrical façades, decorative timber fretwork, complex rooflines, bay windows, tall chimneys, and elaborate verandahs, Federation Queen Anne houses were designed to convey a sense of domestic grandeur and craftsmanship. No. 67 Woniora Road reflects these characteristics, with its prominent verandah offering views toward Botany Bay, and its garden setting enhancing the picturesque quality typical of the style. In April 1935, the property was transformed into Woodleigh Private Hospital, opened by Sister Grace Saunders.[3] Initially a general medical facility, it expanded rapidly—obstetric wards were added eighteen months later, and in 1939, a new wing brought the total to sixteen wards with accommodation for 28 beds. The hospital was considered one of the largest private obstetric facilities in metropolitan Sydney at the time. Amenities included hot water throughout, even in the nurses’ residence, and the front verandah offered views of Botany Bay. Woodleigh’s history is rich with human stories. In 1938, a four-day-old baby was found abandoned on the hospital steps with a note pinned to its blanket reading “Ken.” The mother was later traced.[4][5] That same year, the hospital was the site of a robbery, with £40 stolen from the premises.[6] In February 1939, triplets were born to Mrs Z. Barlow, a rare event at the time.[7] During World War II, a commodious air-raid shelter was constructed on-site in 1942.[8] After its medical use declined, the building served various roles: as a boarding house, the Villa Fatima migrant hostel, and by 1993, it operated as Alan’s Private Hotel. Today, it forms part of a home unit complex, but its architectural form and layered history remain significant. No. 67 Woniora Road is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and social importance. References Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 142–143. Queen Anne Architecture, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Anne_style_architecture Propeller, 2 March 1939, p3; birth notices in Trove from December 1935 onwards. Sydney Morning Herald, 1 July 1938, p15. Truth, 24 July 1938, p23. Propeller, 31 August 1939, p1. Propeller, 9 February 1939, p8. Propeller, 12 February 1942, p3.
Allawah Hotel
Allawah Hotel470 Railway ParadeLots 263 and 264, DP 7182When the Allawah Hotel first opened its doors in March 1929, it was heralded as a new landmark opposite the railway station. The Propellor reported that the hotel, under the management of Jack Shaw (formerly of the Hurstville Hotel), offered “commanding views over Botany Bay and the Georges River” and was “an elaborate residential hotel, replete with all the latest appurtenances and conveniences.” Guests could enjoy a spacious, modern bar described as both large and hygienic, with every facility provided for patrons.Behind the enterprise was The Allawah Hotel Ltd, established in June 1929 with a capital of £4000 in £1 shares. The directors included Jack W Shaw, Sarah Shaw, A Shroog and J Brogan.[1] The hotel’s design had been prepared two years earlier, in 1927, by the architectural firm Rudder and Grout, who would later work on the 1937 revision of the Hurstville Hotel.Over the decades, the Allawah Hotel became a fixture of the local landscape. A 1949 feature in Pix magazine praised its beer garden as “one of the pleasantest spots in Sydney.” In more recent years, the property changed hands for substantial sums — selling in 2017 to White and Partners for around $30 million, and then again in 2019 to the Merivale Group for a reported $34 million.[2] At the time of its most recent sale, development approval had been granted for renovations to the gaming room.[1] The Sun 8 March 1929, p8.[2] St George Leader 16 October 2019, p15.
House and former corner shop
House and former corner shop41 Edward StreetLot 23, Section B, DP 5409House and Former Corner Shop 41 Edward Street Lot 23, Section B, DP 5409 Located on the corner of Edward Street and Colvin Avenue, No. 41 Edward Street is locally significant as a well-preserved example of a Federation Classical-style corner shop, dating from the early 20th century. It forms part of the Westbourne Estate subdivision, established circa 1900, and features a pediment inscribed with the date 1927, marking its later development phase. The building reflects the Federation era’s approach to suburban commercial architecture, where corner shops were integrated into residential streetscapes, often serving as vital community hubs. Its classical detailing and prominent corner position make it a distinctive element in the local heritage fabric. According to the 1928 Sands’ Directory, the householder was E. Hale, listed as a grocer. [1] By 1947, the shop was operated by Miss Rose Ball, continuing its role as a neighbourhood store. [2] The property is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and historical value. References: See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 13. 1. 11928 Sands’ Directory 2. 1947 Rates Book
House and garden, “Beverley”
House and garden, “Beverley”25 Penshurst AvenueLots 5 and 6, DP 168912No 25 Penshurst Avenue, named 'Beverley', is locally significant as it represents a good example of a circa 1930s Californian bungalow. The garden is well maintained and contains mature plantings.California Bungalow is a style of architecture popular during the first third of the 20th century. Characterised by low sloping rooves and wide eaves, the style is meant to look low and settled into the landscape, often using local building materials and surrounding plants to blend with the site.Typical features include wood shingles, horizontal weatherboards or stucco on the outside, a brick or stone chimney, and a front porch that covers part of the façade. California bungalows are almost never built of brick, however, this was not the case in Australia, where the style underwent regional adaptations, often being built of liver coloured-brick common in Sydney, red brick in Melbourne and linestone in South Australia. [1]The Californian bungalow became very popular in Australia from about 1913. This matched the boom of Hollywood movies, which helped spread American fashions, furniture, cars and house styles. U.S. home design magazines also became easier to get in Australia, which had previously looked mainly to Britain for domestic architecture.People liked bungalows because they were affordable and suited the needs of growing suburbs. Timber versions were especially cheap and quick to build, helping with housing shortages. The Californian design also worked well in southern Australia’s climate, with warm summers and mild winters.See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 72.It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021 and was previously listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012.[1] Butler, Graeme (1992). The Californian Bungalow in Australia. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. ISBN 0-85091-355-1.
P&O House and garden
House and garden701 Princes HighwayLot 5, DP 14570Perched on a dramatic, elevated site shaped by broad-scale cut and fill, 701 Princes Highway stands as a striking example of Inter-war Functionalist architecture, constructed around 1930 as part of the later Woniora Estate subdivision. The house cleverly utilises the natural rock outcrop as its foundation, giving it a commanding presence in the landscape. 1This residence is locally significant for its embodiment of the Inter-war Functionalist style, a movement influenced by European modernism of the 1920s and 1930s. Hallmarks of this style include simple geometric forms, asymmetrical massing, flat or parapeted roofs, and large steel-framed windows that often wrap around corners. The design philosophy emphasised function, technology, and the elimination of unnecessary ornamentation, resulting in streamlined, horizontal architecture that was considered radical and progressive for its time. 2 3701 Princes Highway is also notable for its ‘P&O’ style—a uniquely Australian take on Functionalism inspired by the sleek lines and nautical motifs of ocean liners. Features typical of the P&O style include porthole windows, curved walls, smooth rendered surfaces, and ship-like railings, all evoking the glamour of 1930s cruise ships. 4 5This style was especially popular in Sydney’s harbourside suburbs, and its influence can be seen in the home’s sweeping lines and minimalist detailing.Commissioned by Mr. George Thorburn and built by J.R. Cole in 1940, the house was celebrated in the pages of Decoration and Glass (Vol. 6, No. 4, August 1940), which showcased both its interior and exterior as exemplars of contemporary design 6. The magazine, a leading authority on Australian home design of the era, highlighted the home’s innovative use of glass and modern materials.Recognising its architectural and historical value, 701 Princes Highway is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. 7 Its significance is further documented in the Kogarah Heritage Study by Tropman and Tropman (July 1994, Group 3 Ref Item 110).References: Heritage NSW. (n.d.). State Heritage Inventory – 701 Princes Highway. Retrieved from https://www.heritage.nsw.gov.au Canberra House. (n.d.). Inter-war functionalist architecture in Australia. Retrieved from https://canberrahouse.com.au/functionalist.html [canberrahouse.com.au] Royal Australian Institute of Architects. (n.d.). Functionalist style houses. Retrieved from https://www.architecture.com.au Modern Heritage Matters. (2013, July 31). P&O and Art Deco architecture in Sydney. Retrieved from https://modernheritage.com.au/mhm/house_style/482/ [modernheri...age.com.au] Modern Heritage Matters. (2013, July 31). Ocean Liner and Streamlined Moderne styles (1925–1950). Retrieved from https://modernheritage.com.au/mhm/house_style/482/ [modernheri...age.com.au] Morley, S. (1935). Decoration and Glass Magazine. State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved from https://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/stories/decoration-and-glass-magazine [sl.nsw.gov.au] New South Wales Government. (2021). Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021. Retrieved from https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0587 [legislatio...nsw.gov.au]
Tudor-Style House
Tudor Style House92 Rosa StreetLot 5, Section 42, DP 4442No. 92 Rosa Street, Oatley, is a fine and intact example of an inter-war Old English Tudor-style residence, built circa 1930. Its architectural character is defined by steeply pitched gables, textured brickwork, and decorative timber elements typical of the Tudor Revival style popular in suburban Australia during the inter-war period. The sandstone block front fence, possibly reconstructed, adds to the property’s period charm and streetscape appeal. The house is located within the Oatley Township subdivision, established in 1888, and forms part of a group of significant residential developments near the water, alongside Nos. 23–25 Annette Street. Together, these homes reflect the expansion of Oatley as a desirable residential area in the early 20th century. Historian Beverley Earnshaw notes that the houses were built for the Chiswell brothers, prominent furniture makers.[1] Lot 30 of Section 42, which became No. 25 Annette Street, was the home of Lilian and Charles Chiswell. Lot 29, now No. 23 Annette Street, was purchased by James Chiswell. Lot 5, at the rear of his brothers’ properties, was bought by Ernest Chiswell, and became No. 92 Rosa Street. The houses were constructed in 1928 and 1929, reflecting the prosperity and domestic ideals of the time. By the 1938 rates book, the owner of No. 92 was listed as George Kendall. No. 92 Rosa Street is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural and historical significance. References: [1] Earnshaw, Beverley, Houses and Heritage, pp. 152–153. See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 83 and 85.
Inter-War Functionalist House and garden
House and garden116 Connells Point RoadLot 219, DP 6202House and Garden116 Connells Point RoadLot 219, DP 6202No. 116 Connells Point Road, Connells Point, is a rare and well-preserved example of Inter-War Functionalist architecture, dating from around 1930.Functionalism is one of the movements of Modernism, which emerged in the wake of World War I. In the post war era, Modern architecture developed from a wave of technological innovation (particularly in the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete) and was guided by the principle "form should follow function”- where a building’s form was shaped by its intended purpose. It embraced minimalism, favouring clean lines and open spaces, and deliberately rejected traditional ornamentation in favour of structural clarity and simplicity. Modernist architects sought to create a better world for humanity. Other Modernist movements include Bauhaus and the International Style. [1]Inter-War Functionalism gained popularity in Australia during the 1920s and 1930s, and is characterised by its emphasis on clean lines, geometric forms, and minimal ornamentation. Inspired by aerodynamic design, the style emphasised curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements. The curved forms and horizontal lines, as well as minimal ornamentation, can all be seen on 116 Connells Point Road.The house’s horizontal emphasis, flat roof, and streamlined detailing reflect the Functionalist ideal of “form follows function.” Even the garden beds and front fence echo the linearity of the building, reinforcing the architectural unity between the house and its landscape.Occupying corner block 219 of the Homedale Estate, the property was owned in 1938 by James Alfred Birkett, who also held the neighbouring lot at No. 114 Connells Point Road.(Vol 2714 Fol 126 DP6202)No. 116 is listed on the NSW State Heritage Register under the NSW Heritage Act, and is also a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, having previously been listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012. Its architectural significance and intact condition make it a valuable example of early modernist residential design in the Georges River area.1. Modern Architecture, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_architecture
Berkley building
Berkley building195–197 Forest RoadLots A and B, DP 411059Tucked into the bustling streetscape of Forest Road, the Berkley Building at 195–197 stands as a modest yet charming example of 1930s commercial architecture in Hurstville. Completed in 1937, the building was described in The Propeller newspaper as “up-to-date in every feature” (Propeller, 19 August 1937, p.3), reflecting the optimism and modernity of the interwar period.Its narrow frontage is deceptively rich in detail: a curved brick façade rises gracefully above the awning, complemented by rendered panels and metal-framed windows that speak to the streamlined aesthetic of the era. The original relief lettering still visible in the render adds a touch of craftsmanship rarely seen in newer constructions.When photographed in 1983, the building housed an art supplies shop on the ground floor, with a hairdresser operating above, a snapshot of its enduring role in local commerce. By 2018, it had transformed into the Diamond Bakery and Diamond Café, continuing its legacy as a community gathering place. Unfortunately, modern additions like intrusive air-conditioning units now obscure some of its original charm.The Berkley Building is officially recognised for its heritage value, listed in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021. It was previously listed under the Hurstville LEP 2012 as No. 93 Forest Road, a testament to its architectural and historical significance.Lots A and B of DP 411059 mark its legal footprint, but its cultural footprint extends far beyond, serving as a quiet witness to nearly a century of change in Hurstville’s urban landscape.[1] Propeller 5 August 1937, p4,
Hurstville Hotel
A 'first-class family hotel' was reportedly under construction at Hurstville in July 1883. The hotel was expected to benefit from the opening of the Illawarra Railway to Hurstville in October and was described as “a first-class, well-appointed house, situated on a high site in Hurstville commanding a wide view of the surrounding country and Botany Bay.”[2] Standing at the corner of MacMahon Street and Forest Road, the Hurstville Hotel has been a mainstay of the local township, an enduring presence sharing the continuing development of suburban Hurstville. While perhaps not offering a glimpse of the Blue Mountains today, the old pub remains.In February 1896, MacMahon advertised tenders for leasing the hotel for five, seven or ten years, at a rent of £4 per week.[3] By 1899, the licence had passed to John James Payne, formerly an Inspector in the Tramways Department.[4] That same year, Payne was robbed by an employee. He died in 1901, and his widow Martha Payne held the licence until her marriage to Thomas Wearne, Kogarah Council Clerk, in 1902.In October 1921, Messrs Brayshay and Holman took over the venue from Mr Arthur Browne.[5] The licensee in 1922 was George Kentish,[6] who transferred the licence to Jacob Woolf Shaw in December 1922, and then to John Kirkwood in July 1925.
Former Sixth Church of Christ Scientist—Grace Chinese Church
Former Sixth Church of Christ Scientist—Grace Chinese Church1A Kensington StreetLot B, DP 337489The story of 1A Kensington Street is one of community, faith, and architectural distinction. In January 1932, a group of local members from the First Church of Christ, Scientist, Sydney, set out to establish a new congregation closer to home. Their first services were held in the Masonic Hall, Kogarah, on 19 July 1912, marking the humble beginnings of what would become a significant spiritual and architectural landmark.By 1937, the congregation had secured a site in Kogarah, and on 27 July 1938, the cornerstone was laid for their new church. The building officially opened its doors on 4 December 1938, and was dedicated—free of debt—on 25 November 1945, a testament to the commitment and generosity of its members.Architectural Features and SignificanceDesigned by the renowned architectural firm Peddle, Thorp and Walker (PTW), and constructed by H.W. Thompson and Co., the church is a striking example of late inter-war ecclesiastical architecture. Its octagonal plan is both distinctive and symbolic, reflecting a trend in church design that emphasised unity and inclusiveness [1].The exterior is finished in a variegated cream brick dado, with intricate corner brickwork that adds visual interest. Inside, the furnishings and woodwork are crafted from maple, lending warmth and elegance to the worship space. These details exemplify the quality and craftsmanship associated with PTW, a firm known for their innovative and enduring designs.About Peddle, Thorp and Walker (PTW) Founded in Sydney in 1889 by James Peddle, PTW quickly became one of Australia’s most influential architectural practices. The firm’s legacy is built on a commitment to innovation, social improvement, and adapting international architectural ideas to the Australian context. Over the decades, PTW expanded its portfolio from domestic architecture to major commercial, institutional, and public projects, including iconic Sydney landmarks and international commissions [2, 3].A New Chapter: Grace Chinese Christian Church Today, the building is home to the Grace Chinese Christian Church, reflecting the evolving cultural and religious landscape of Kogarah. The church is a vibrant centre for the local Chinese Christian community, describing itself as “God-centred and Bible-saturated.” Under the leadership of Pastor Ernest Chiang (as of 2021), the church continues to serve as a place of worship, fellowship, and outreach. There is also a sister church in Sutherland.The building’s ongoing use by a new congregation highlights its adaptability and enduring significance within the community. It stands as a representative example of c1938 inter-war development in the area and marks a later phase in the history of the Kogarah Township Estate.Recognising its architectural and historical value, 1A Kensington Street is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012.References: St George Call, 2 December 1938 (full description of the building) PTW Architects – History PTW Architects – Wikipedia See also, Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 3 Ref Item 5
All Electric Home
On 26 August 1939, history was made in Kingsgrove when the New South Wales Treasurer, Mr. Athol Richardson, officially opened the suburb’s very first “all electric home” at Farrell Road. This modern marvel, constructed of sturdy brick and tile at a cost of £880, was the first of its kind built for the New South Wales Co-operative Permanent Building and Investment Society.Every corner of the house showcased the latest in electric innovation—from lighting and cooking to heating and household appliances—offering a glimpse into the future of comfortable, convenient living. The opening was celebrated in the local press, with the Propeller newspaper describing the home’s cutting-edge features and the excitement it generated in the community. [1]This “all electric home” not only marked a milestone in suburban development but also symbolised the optimism and progress of pre-war Sydney, ushering in a new era of modern living for families in the Georges River area.
Electricity House building
Electricity House building213 Forest RoadLot 1, DP 700214Constructed for St George County Council, Electricity House, 213 Forest Road, Hurstville, was built by William Hughes and Co, and was designed by architect Neville J Coulter.Established in 1920, The St. George County Council controll the distribution of electricity within the Municipalities of Bexley, Hurstville, Kogarah and Rockdale, and was the first of its kind in Australia. St George County Council had its demonstration showroom at Sanderson House from the late 1920s. They voted in April 1926 to purchase the building, demolish it, and build new modern premises. [1],In 1939, Electricity House was constructed to demonstrate the way electrcity could be used in the modern home. It was built on the site of Sanderson House [2] and opened on 25 November 1939 by E S Spooner, Minister for Works and Local Government. [3]Facilities had been provided to show modern lighting in the home, and in the demonstration auditorium cooking demonstrations would be held. Class-rooms had been provided for demonstrating these methods.This three-storey building dominated a corner block on Forest Road and still maintains a striking appearance, although it is now a Bank of China. Features to note include the clock tower and decorative brickwork. Brickwork features between second and third floors above the entrance are now partially obscured and St George County Council crest is gone.During the early years of the SGCC, it was reported that St. George residents enjoyed the cheapest electricity in the country. However, in 1980 it was amalgamated with the Sydney City Council, itself rebranded in 1991 as Sydney Electricity and in 1996, EnergyAustralia.[4]It was listed on the 2012 Hurstville LEP. Lot 1 DP 700214.See 1982 photo JHP6-070 with lightning bolt sign.[1] See Propeller 9 April 1936, p4, 3 September 1936, p1, and 18 February 1937, p8.[2] See photo LMG 14-010 for photo of Sanderson House, occupied by Biddulph’s shoe store.[3] Propeller 30 November 1939, p7.[4] Wayne, M. (2012, May 28). Electricity House / Bank of China – Hurstville, NSW. Past/Lives of the Near Future. Retrieved from https://pastlivesofthenearfuture.com/2012/05/28/electricity-housebank-of-china-hurstville-nsw/
Californian House and garden
House and Garden 177 Rocky Point Road Lot 11, DP 1087596 No. 177 Rocky Point Road, Sans Souci, is locally significant as a grand example of the Inter-War Californian Bungalow style. Listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study, the house reflects the continued residential growth along Rocky Point Road during the early 20th century, particularly within the Targo Estate subdivision. The Californian Bungalow style, popular in Australia from the 1910s to the 1930s, was known for its low-pitched roofs, wide verandahs, exposed rafters, and use of natural materials. These homes were designed to be informal, comfortable, and well-integrated with their gardens—ideals that suited the Australian climate and lifestyle. Grander examples, like No. 177, often featured more substantial proportions, decorative brickwork, and generous setbacks. While the house was previously believed to date from circa 1929, research suggests it may be more recent. A 1943 aerial photograph appears to show the block as vacant, indicating construction may have occurred later. (See vertical file Historic Buildings – Kogarah) No. 177 Rocky Point Road is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed in the Kogarah Local Environmental Plan 2012, recognising its architectural contribution to the streetscape and its reflection of inter-war suburban development. References See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 3 Ref Item 1. See vertical file Historic Buildings – Kogarah.
International Style House and garden
House and garden7 Cross StreetLot 3, DP 209927No. 7 Cross Street is a notable example of Post-War International Style architecture, designed by J. S. Whitelock of the firm Hely and Whitelock. Listed in the 1993 Kogarah Heritage Study, the two-storey residence reflects the modernist design principles that gained prominence in Australia after World War I. The International Style, which emerged from European modernism in the 1920s and was popularised globally by architects such as Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe, emphasised functional design, clean lines, and the absence of ornament. [1] In the post-war Australian context, this style was adapted to suit suburban living, often incorporating flat or low-pitched roofs, large windows, and open-plan interiors. In post-war Australia, the style gained popularity during the 1950s and 1960s, particularly through flat-roofed, cubiform houses and curtain-walled office blocks. Architects like Harry Seidler and Sydney Ancher were instrumental in introducing the style to Sydney, often facing resistance from councils opposed to its radical departure from traditional domestic forms. [2] No. 7 Cross Street exemplifies this approach, with its geometric form, minimal detailing, and integration into the surrounding garden setting. The design reflects a shift toward simplicity, efficiency, and a new architectural language that responded to modern lifestyles and materials. References:See Tropman and Tropman, Kogarah Heritage Study, July 1994, Group 2 Ref Item 13. 1. International Style, Reserve Bank of Australia, https://museum.rba.gov.au/exhibitions/unreservedly-modern/international-style/ 2. Post-War International Architecture, https://www.canberrahouse.com.au/pw-international.html
Mid-Century Migrant Houses
The story of Sydney’s suburbs is inseparable from the waves of migration that shaped them, especially in the post-war decades. In the 1950s and 1960s, large numbers of migrants from southern and eastern Europe, particularly Italy and Greece, (and later communities from Asia) settled in Sydney’s expanding suburbs. Their arrival not only transformed the city’s cultural fabric but also left a lasting mark on its built environment, giving rise to what is now known as the “migrant house”[1]. What is a Migrant House? The “migrant house” is an architectural type that emerged as migrants sought to recreate a sense of home in a new land. These houses are often described as “Late-Twentieth-century Immigrants’ Nostalgic” or sometimes "Suburban Baroque". They are typically brick-veneer, with concrete balustrades or decorative metal railings atop staircases leading to terraces, arched entryways, expanses of concrete replacing traditional lawns, and gardens featuring olive or citrus trees, especially lemons. Decorative iron fences and stone lions are also common features [1]. Inside, you’ll find ornate tiles, flocked wallpaper, religious iconography and ostentatious filigreed furniture. These design choices were not just aesthetic but deeply symbolic, reflecting both nostalgia for the old country and aspirations for success in Australia [2]. These homes were often built with pride and a sense of permanence. Migrants invested in materials like marble tiles, wrought iron, and concrete not only for durability but to signal achievement and stability. The houses were “all bloody balustrades and arches,” as one architect put it, bold, expressive, and unapologetically different from the modest fibro cottages that preceded them. [6]
Victory House
Victory House8 Crofts AvenueSP 46769Victory House, located at 8 Crofts Avenue, is a locally significant commercial building that reflects the optimism and civic pride of post-war Hurstville. Originally constructed as the St George Businessmen’s Club, it was designed in 1949 by architect John R. Brogan and built by Welch Brothers, local builders [1]. Brogan, a Sydney-born architect, was known for his contributions to domestic and commercial architecture throughout the mid-20th century. His designs often blended functionalist principles with stylistic flourishes, and he was particularly influential in popularising the Stockbroker Tudor and Streamline Moderne styles in suburban Sydney [2]. Victory House is a rare example of Streamline Moderne architecture in the Georges River area—a style that emerged in the 1930s and continued into the post-war period. Inspired by the sleek curves of ocean liners and the aerodynamic forms of trains and automobiles, Streamline Moderne buildings feature horizontal lines, curved corners, flat roofs, and minimal ornamentation, all intended to evoke motion, progress, and modernity [3] [4]. The building was laid out with civic and commercial purpose in mind. The ground floor contained eight lock-up shops, while the first floor housed the club lounge and billiard room. The second floor included the boardroom and dining room, and the third floor featured a banqueting room for public functions. The fourth floor offered residential accommodation with three two-bedroom and five one-bedroom flats, and the caretaker’s quarters were located on the roof. Additional two-bedroom flats were also included on the first, second, and third floors [1]. The foundation stone was laid by Clive Evatt, then Minister for Housing, on 13 August 1949, and the building was completed around 1952. Its design and scale reflected the ambitions of the St George Businessmen’s Club to create a central hub for commerce, networking, and community events in the heart of Hurstville. In 1992–93, Victory House underwent restoration and renovation, preserving its architectural character while adapting it for contemporary use. Today, it is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, and was previously listed under the Hurstville Local Environmental Plan 2012. Victory House remains a testament to the post-war civic spirit and architectural innovation that shaped Hurstville’s urban identity. References 1: Construction, 5 October 1949, p.4. 2: Modern Heritage Matters, “John Brogan (1904–1987) – Architect Profile.” 3: ABC News, “Streamline Moderne Architecture Was Meant to Capture the Spirit of a Society Gliding into the Future.” 4: Wikipedia, “Streamline Moderne.”
Thurlow House
Nestled on a sloping waterfront site overlooking the Georges River, Thurlow House is a rare and exceptionally intact example of early Modernist residential architecture in Australia. Designed by renowned architect Harry Seidler for David and Marjorie Thurlow, the house was completed in 1954 and remains a significant milestone in Seidler’s prolific career [1]. “From the street, the house is barely visible. Its rear, north-facing elevation anchors into the hillside, while the front, river-facing rooms, are cantilevered out above the rock ledge.” [2] The house’s split-level design responds directly to the steep terrain and maximises views to the river. Entered at mid-level via a suspended concrete bridge from the street-facing garage, the interior is bisected by an open-tread staircase. One flight leads down to the living, dining, and kitchen areas, while the other ascends to two bedrooms, a study, and bathroom. The upper level cantilevers over the lower, creating a deep covered verandah that spans the southern façade [3].
House and garden
House and Garden 145 Stuart Street Lots 1 and 2, DP 381985 No. 145 Stuart Street, Blakehurst, is a striking example of 1960s Australian modernist architecture, inspired by the work of renowned architect Harry Seidler. It is listed as a Heritage Item in Schedule 5 of the Georges River Local Environmental Plan 2021, recognising its architectural significance and contribution to the mid-century suburban landscape. Modernist homes of this era were defined by their clean lines, open-plan interiors, and integration with the surrounding landscape. Influenced by European modernism and the Bauhaus movement, Seidler’s designs introduced a new architectural language to Australia—one that embraced concrete, steel, and glass, and rejected ornamentation in favour of functional form. No. 145 Stuart Street reflects these principles through its geometric composition, minimalist detailing, and emphasis on light and space. Positioned on a generous block, the house exemplifies the post-war shift toward modern living, where architecture was used to express progress, innovation, and a connection to nature.
